PROCEDE PERFECTIONNE POUR LA FABRICATION DE NITRATE DE POTASSIUM AVEC PRODUCTION CONJOINTE D'ACIDE CHLORHYDRIQUE

• Main Author: SHALOM MANOR, MOSHE BAR-GURI, AMIAD ALEXANDRON ET MOSHE KREISEL
• Format: Patent
• Language: French
• Published: 06.11.1981
• Subjects: CHEMISTRY; COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM,RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; INORGANIC CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY; NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

L'INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN PROCEDE DE FABRICATION DE NITRATE DE POTASSIUM PAR REACTION DE CHLORURE DE POTASSIUM ET D'ACIDE NITRIQUE.SELON L'INVENTION, LADITE SOLUTION AQUEUSE D'ACIDE CHLORHYDRIQUE CONTENANT DE L'ACIDE NITRIQUE OBTENUE EST MISE EN CONTACT AVEC UN SOLVANT ORGANIQUE CHOISI PARMI LES ESTERS ORGANIQUES D'ACIDE PHOSPHORIQUE, LES CETONES AYANT ENTRE 5 ET 10ATOMES DE CARBONE ET LES POLYETHERS A CHAINE DROITE OU CYCLIQUES AYANT UN POIDS MOLECULAIRE DE 100 A 1000 ET LES POLYALKYLENEGLYCOLS LEGEREMENT MISCIBLES AVEC L'EAU ET AYANT UN POIDS MOLECULAIRE DANS LA GAMME DE 1000 A 3000, OU LEURS MELANGES, DE PREFERENCE EN PRESENCE D'UN DILUANT ORGANIQUE, LEDIT SOLVANT ORGANIQUE EXTRAYANT SELECTIVEMENT L'ACIDE NITRIQUE EN LAISSANT UNE SOLUTION AQUEUSE RELATIVEMENT CONCENTREE D'ACIDE CHLORHYDRIQUE SENSIBLEMENT EXEMPTE DE NITRATE, TANDIS QUE L'EXTRAIT AU SOLVANT ORGANIQUE CHARGE EN NO EST LAVE PAR L'EAU, L'ACIDE NITRIQUE RECUPERE ET LE SOLVANT LAVE ETANT RECYCLE DANS LE PROCEDE. The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of potassium nitrate with co-production of relatively concentrated aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid. According to the invention, potassium chloride and nitric acid are reacted in the medium of an organic solvent selected from butanols and pentanols. The solution obtained after the separation of the resulting potassium nitrate, containing hydrochloric acid together with nitric acid and said organic solvent, is subsequently washed thus resulting an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid which contains nitric acid. The nitric acid is extracted by an organic solvent selected from organic esters of phosphoric acid, ketones having five to ten carbon atoms and straight or cyclic polyethers having molecular weight in the range of 100 to 1000 and polyalkylene glycols which are slightly miscible in water and having molecular weight in the range of 1000 to 3000, or mixtures thereof, preferably in the presence of an organic diluent. The remaining brine consists of a substantially nitrate-free hydrochloric acid. The NO3--loaded solvent is washed, the nitric acid as well as the organic solvent being respectively recycled in the process. The process saves appreciable amounts of nitric acid, co-producing hydrochloric acid which can be utilized without any further concentrating step.