Synthetic fuels from coal or coke - preimpregnated with catalyst by hydrothermal treatment

• Main Author: JOSEPH HUBBERD OXLEY, EDGEL PRYCE STAMBAUGH ET JOHN FARLEY FOSTER
• Format: Patent
• Language: English; French
• Published: 14.01.1977
• Subjects: ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE ORUNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES; CHEMISTRY; CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; FIRELIGHTERS; FUELS; FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; LUBRICANTS; METALLURGY; MINERAL WAXES; NATURAL GAS; ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; PEAT; PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVEHYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROMSOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, ORGASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BYSUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE

Solid carbonaceous fuels (coal or coke) are converted into synthetic fuels by (a) mixing particles of the solid fuel with an aq. soln. contg. at least one catalytically active cation; (b) heating the mixt. under high pressure at 125-375 degrees C for a time sufficient to modify the structure of the particles and impregnate them with the cation(s); and (c) reacting the particles with one or more of H2, H2O, steam, O2, air, CO, CO2 and organic solvents at a manometric pressure of >10.5 kg/mc2 and a temp. at least equal to the impregnation temp. The process esp. applies to the prodn. of synthesis gas or synthetic natural gas (SNG). The hydrothermal treatment step (b) activates the coal or coke to a greater extent than simple impregnation or mechanical mixing with the catalyst, and (when one of the cations is Ca2+ or Mg2+) reduces the S content of the end product; it also renders caking coals non-caking.