PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA CONVERSION HIDROGENADORA DE ACEITES PESADOS Y RESIDUALES

• Main Authors: KRETSCHMAR, KLAUS, MERZ, LUDWIG, MARRUFFO, FRANZO, NIEMANN, KLAUS, KURZEJA, KLAUS, GUITIAN, JOSE, KRASUK, JULIO
• Format: Patent
• Language: Spanish
• Published: 01.01.1994
• Edition: 4
• Subjects: CHEMISTRY; CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; METALLURGY; MINERAL WAXES; PEAT; PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVEHYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, ORGASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATINGINGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION; WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR

LA INVENCION SE REFIERE A UN PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA CONVERSION POR HIDROGENACION DE ACEITES PESADOS Y RESIDUALES, ACEITES USADOS Y DE DESECHO, ARENAS CON ALQUITRAN Y SIMILARES, POR CONTACTO COM HIDROGENO, A UNA PRESION PARCIAL ENTRE 50 Y 300 BAR, UNA TEMPERATURA ENTRE 250 Y 500 GRADOS C, UNA CARGA DE 0,1 A 5 T POR M3 Y HORA, Y UNA RELACION GAS/LIQUIDO ENTRE 100 Y 10.000 NM3/T. EL OBJETIVO Y MISION TECNICA DE LA INVENCION SON OFRECER UN PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA TRANSFORMACION DE ACEITES PESADOS Y RESIDUALES EN EL QUE SE EVITE UNA FORMACION EXCESIVA DE ESPUMA Y SE APROVECHE MEJOR EL ESPACIO DE LOS REACTORES DE HIDROGENACION. LA SOLUCION DEL PROBLEMA TECNICO RESIDE EN QUE DURANTE EL TRATAMIENTO DE HIDROGENACION SE AÑADE UN ADITIVO CON DOS INTERVALOS GRANULOMETRICOS DISTINTOS, DE MODO QUE UNA PARTE DEL ADITIVO CONSTITUYE UNA FRACCION DE GRANO FINO CON UN TAMAÑO DE GRANO DE 90 MICRAS O MENOS, Y OTRA PARTE CONSTITUYE UNA FRACCION DE GRANO GRUESO CON UN TAMAÑO DE GRANO DE 100 MICRAS HASTA1000 MICRAS. The invention relates to a process for the hydroconversion of heavy and residual oils, spent oils and waste oils, tar sands and the like by contacting with hydrogen at a hydrogen partial pressure between 50 and 300 bar, a temperature between 250 and 500 DEG C, a throughput of 0.1 to 5 tonnes/m and hour, and a gas/liquid ratio between 100 and 10,000 standard m /tonne. The technical object and aim of the invention is to provide a process for processing heavy and residual oils, wherein excessive foam formation is avoided and the reaction space of the hydrogenation reactors is more fully utilised. To achieve the technical object, the catalyst or added additives in the hydrotreatment of the feedstocks has a particle size distribution between 0.1 and 2000 mu m, preferably 0.1 and 1000 mu m, and the fraction of the particles of catalyst or additive having a particle size of 100 mu m or more amount to between 10 and 40% by weight, preferably 10 or 30% by weight, of the total quantity of catalyst or additive added to the reactor system.