Ausschliesslich-Oder-Schaltung fuer hohe Frequenzen

• Main Author: SCHREINER KENNETH EUGENE
• Format: Patent
• Language: German
• Published: 08.03.1962
• Subjects: BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS; BASIC ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY; CALCULATING; COMPUTING; COUNTING; ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING; ELECTRICITY; PHYSICS; PULSE TECHNIQUE; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE; WAVEGUIDES

913,424. Digital electric calculating apparatus. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. June 18, 1959, No. 20928/59. Class 106 (1). . Digital calculations are performed by applying electromagnetic waves having predetermined phase characteristics to a waveguide structure having a plurality of arms meeting at a phase-determinative junction and a variableimpedance element in at least one of said arms. The various calculations performed are set out in Figs. 1 and 2 which are self-explanatory. The digits 1 and 0 may be represented by waves 180 degrees out of phase or by pulses of opposite polarity. Fig. 3 shows a wave-guide structure for adding three binary digits excluding carry which may be performed by a separate majority circuit. Digits A and B are entered into arms 22, 24 of a hybrid junction so as to affect oppositely-poled semiconductor diodes 40, 42 connected over low-pass filters such as 65 and coaxial cables to similar diodes 44, 46 in another hybrid junction which receives digit C as an input to arm 32. The phase of the output on arm 34 indicates the binary sum of the three digits. An EXCLUSIVE OR system (line 3 of Fig. 1) is shown schematically in Fig. 4. The A and B inputs are added in the left arm of the hybrid junction and subtracted in the right arm if they are in phase to give a negative output at X. If they are of opposite phase the functions of the left and right arms are reversed and the output at X is positive. Fig. 5 shows another two-input EXCLUSIVE OR circuit. Input B is a unidirectional voltage or pulse impressed on oppositely-poled diodes 100, 102. Input A and output X are phasemodulated alternating-current waves. According to whether A and B are alike or opposed, so X isve or +ve. The systems of Figs. 4 and 5 are combined in Fig. 6 to provide an addition circuit taking account of carry C from the preceding order. Fig. 8 shows a two-position switch. A positive or a negative pulse at A puts the output at X under the control of the input at B or C, respectively, by rendering one or other diode 90, 92 more conductive. In Fig. 10, the algebraic sum of A and B is delivered at X. The second side arm 120 is non- reflectively terminated. If the diode is biased so as to be initially conductive, Fig. 10 acts as an OR circuit. Fig. 11 shows an AND circuit and Fig. 12 has an output when only 1 or 2 out of 3 inputs are positive.