Process for preparing potassium nitrate by employing electrodialysis method and apparatus for making the same ya

• Main Authors: ERNÍN ALEŠ, MACHU A LUBOMÍR
• Format: Patent
• Language: Czech; English
• Published: 04.06.2014
• Subjects: APPARATUS THEREFOR; CHEMISTRY; COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM,RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM; ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTIONOF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; INORGANIC CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY; PERFORMING OPERATIONS; PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL; SEPARATION; TRANSPORTING

Vynález se týká způsobu výroby dusičnanu draselného metodou elektrodialýzy, která spočívá ve výměně iontů mezi roztokem chloridu draselného a roztokem dusičnanu amonného, kyseliny dusičné nebo dusičnanu sodného. Tato výměna iontů probíhá v elektrickém poli na soustavě iontovýměnných membrán obsahující alespoň jednu sekvenci anionvýměnných membrán (AM1, AM2) a kationvýměnných membrán (CM1, CM2), vzájemně se střídajících a vytvářejících alespoň čtyři mezimembránové prostory (C1, C2, D1, D2). V těchto mezimembránových prostorech po obou stranách membrán proudí roztoky uvedených chemických sloučenin. Dále se vynález týká zařízení k provádění tohoto způsobu. The invention concerns a method of production of potassium nitrate by means of electrodialysis, consisting in the exchange of ions between solution of potassium chloride and solution of ammonium nitrate, nitric acid or sodium nitrate. This exchange of ions occurs in electric field in a system of ion-exchange membranes (see Figure 1), containing at least one sequence of anion-exchange membranes (AM1, AM2) and cation-exchange membranes (CM1, CM2), alternating and creating at least four intermembrane spaces (C1, C2, D1, D2). In these intermembrane spaces on both sides of membranes, solutions of the said chemical compounds flow in the following manner: solution of input potassium chloride flows in the first interaiembrane space (D1) before the first anion-exchange membrane; solution of ammonium nitrate, nitric acid or sodium nitrate flows in the third intermembrane space (D2) between the first cation-exchange membrane (CM1) and the second anion-exchange membrane; while solution of the main product - potassium nitrate - flows in the fourth intermembrane space (C2) between the second anion-exchange membrane (AM2) and the second cation-exchange membrane (CM2), and solution of by-product - ammonium chloride, hydrochloric acid or sodium chloride - flows in the second intermembrane space (C1) between the first anion-exchange membrane (AMI) and the first cation-exchange membrane (CM1). The invention also concerns an apparatus to perform this method.