Catalyst for preparing malononitrile as well as preparation method and application of catalyst

• Main Authors: JIANG SHIFENG, WANG XICHENG, ZHANG SHAOCHUN, LIU XIAORAN, MOU XINDONG
• Format: Patent
• Language: Chinese; English
• Published: 26.03.2024
• Subjects: ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOIDCHEMISTRY; CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY; ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; PERFORMING OPERATIONS; PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS; TRANSPORTING

The invention discloses a catalyst for preparing malononitrile, a preparation method of the catalyst and a method for preparing malononitrile by using the catalyst. The catalyst is a solid catalyst and is an acidic catalyst loaded with a rare earth metal oxide, and the malononitrile preparation method comprises the step of carrying out ammoniation dehydration reaction on cyanoacetic acid or cyanoacetate or cyanoacetamide and an ammonia source according to a certain molar ratio in a continuous reactor to prepare malononitrile. And then carrying out reduced pressure distillation (20 torr to 25 torr), and collecting a fraction at 110 DEG C to 120 DEG C, so as to obtain a malononitrile product. Wherein the ammonia source can be ammonia gas, ammonia water, ammonium carbonate or urea. The malononitrile prepared by the method can reduce the production cost, improve the production safety, reduce the emission of three wastes in malononitrile preparation by the existing process and improve the product quality, and is a