Device and method for generating a synthesis gas from processed biomass by entrained-flow gasification

• Main Authors: ALTHAPP, ANTON, RUGER, DIETMAR, EICHHORN, CHRISTIAN, SCHULZE, OLAF, KRETSCHMER, HORST
• Format: Patent
• Language: English
• Published: 19.07.2012
• Subjects: ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE ORUNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES; CHEMISTRY; DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONAGEOUS MATERIALS FORPRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; FIRELIGHTERS; FUELS; FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; LUBRICANTS; METALLURGY; NATURAL GAS; PEAT; PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROMSOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BYSUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE

The present invention relates to a device for generating a synthesis gas (SG) from biomass (BM) by entrained-flow gasification. The device comprises a processing unit (1) in which the biomass (BM) is fed to a coarse comminuting device (2) which is connected downstream via a first sluice (3) to a pressurized carbonization unit (4) for the hydrothermal generation of carbonization coal (KK) from the biomass (BM). The carbonization unit (4) comprises at least one preheating device (5) and a carbonization reactor (6) that is arranged downstream of the preheating device (5) and is connected downstream via a second sluice (11) to at least one solid-liquid separation device (12, 13) for providing a fuel. Downstream of the solid-liquid separation device (12, 13), a drying device (16) for drying the fuel is provided, downstream of which is connected a comminution device (18) for comminuting the fuel into a combustible dust (BS) having particle sizes in a range from 55 µm to 500 µm. The device further comprises a transfer device (21) for transferring the fuel into an entrained-flow gasification unit (22), in such a manner that the processing unit (1) is coupled to the entrained-flow gasification unit (22). In addition, the present invention discloses a method for generating a synthesis gas (SG) from biomass (BM) by entrained-flow gasification, using a device according to the invention.