The Effectiveness of Corticosteroids Administration for Edema and Neurosensory Disturbance in Orthognathic Surgery: A Systematic Literature Review

• Published in: Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery
• Main Authors: Lima, Valthierre Nunes de, DDS, MSc Student, Lemos, Cleidiel Augusto Aparecido, DDS, MSc, PhD Student, Faverani, Leonardo Perez, DDS, PhD. Associate Professor, Santiago Júnior, Joel Ferreira, DDS, PhD. Associate Professor, Pellizzer, Eduardo Piza, DDS, PhD. Full Professor
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2017
• Subjects: Surgery; Edema; Corticosteroids; Orthognathic Surgery
• ISSN: 0278-2391; 1531-5053
• DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.03.039

Abstract The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of corticosteroid (CS) administration on edema and neuroregeneration in orthognathic surgery. We conducted a systematic literature search using three databases (Pubmed/Medline; Cochrane Library; Scopus). We utilized the PICO approach, which includes four parts: (P) Population, patients with skeletal dentofacial deformity; (I) Intervention, uni- or bimaxillary orthognathic surgery; (C) Comparison, corticosteroids administered or not; (O) Outcomes, reduction in postoperative edema and neurosensory disorders. We selected 30 items from a total of 240 and evaluated them for their titles and abstracts in relation to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After we eliminated duplicate references, we were left with 8 articles. We observed lower rates of edema in patients that used corticosteroids. In fact, after 4 months, there was no remarkable edema rates. These results suggest that neurosensory disorders improved in periods longer than 3 months. In addition, in both the early and late periods, administration of corticosteroids did not influence the regression of neurosensory disorders. In conclusion, administering corticoids in orthognathic surgery improved the regression of facial edema independent of the dosage used, but did not influence neurosensory disorders.