Analysis the Relationship of Social Capital and Threatening Factors of Security (Case Study: Border settlements of Sistan and Baluchestan)

• Published in: Jughrāfiyā va āmāyish-i shahrī manṭaqah/ī (Online) Vol. 8; no. 26; pp. 159 - 178
• Main Authors: Dr.Faramarz Barimani, Hadi Rasti, Meysam Dehani, Raziyeh Jahantigh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Persian
• Published: University of Sistan and Baluchistan 01.03.2018
• Subjects: border settlements; lack of social control; relative deprivation; sistan and baluchestan; social capital; social disorganization
• ISSN: 2345-2277; 2783-5278
• DOI: 10.22111/gaij.2018.3632

In settlements located on the eastern borders of Iran (the borders between Iran and Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan) - that for reasons, security and non-security have been considered as critical border areas- rate of social capital seems lower than expected. However, this capital is considered as a key factor of sustainable development of border settlements. Therefore this study has been done with the aim of explaig the threatening factors of security in the framework of social capital approach and investigating its spatial differences in border settlements of Sistan and Baluchistan province. Social capital be included indicators of social trust, participation and solidarity. Threatening factors of security to be included social disorganization, relative deprivation and lack of social control. The method of research is analytical- descriptive and correlation. Due to widespread population, 382 local people and 136 local administrators were selected by Cochrane from Mirjaveh, Saravan and Zahak Township as the sample size. The data processed and analyzed using fuzzy logic (MATLAB) and statistical methods (SPSS). The research findings indicate a relatively high rates of social capital and average of threatening factors of security respectively with the degree (0.628) and (0.593) as well as high reverse correlation between social capital and threatening factors of security (-0.838). Findings also indicate a significant difference, of spatial in terms of geo-political location and the lack of it in terms of the type of settlement (rural and urban). Therefore, the results indicate lack efficient management of border areas in the region and lack of based-opportunity approach to border and border areas that emphasizes livelihood and other aspects of frontiersmen life in relation to security and national and regional development.