Selective Microbial Biomarkers in Type-2 Diabetes with Principal Component Analysis and Receiver-operating Characteristic Curves

• Published in: International journal of scientific research in dental and medical sciences (Online) Vol. 3; no. 1; pp. 23 - 34
• Main Authors: Ifeanyi Onyema Oshim, Nneka Regina Agbakoba, Ogonna Celestine Oguejiofor, Kingsley Anukam
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences (IJSRDMS) 01.03.2021
• Subjects: biomarkers; faecalibacterium; gut microbiome; roseburia
• ISSN: 2676-5497; 2676-5373
• DOI: 10.30485/ijsrdms.2021.272435.1110

Background and aim: Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity and Type-2diabetes Mellitus. This study evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of selective biological markers in T2 diabetes. Materials and methods: Stool samples were collected from 110 confirmed T2DM and ten non-T2DM subjects, and bacterial DNA extracted. The V4 areas of bacterial 16S rRNA were amplified and sequenced using an Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. Results: There was a strong correlation between the family Streptococcaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Alcaligenaceae, Paraprevotellaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae with T2D. The genus-Faecalibacterium and genus-Roseburia demonstrated a negative correlation with T-2D. The Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) of the Area Under Curve (AUC) value of gut microbiome was in increasing order with family> Genus > Species > Order> Class.Therefore, we classified the diagnostic accuracy as poor (0.6 < ROC AUC ≤ 0.7), failed (ROC AUC ≤ 0.6), good (0.8 < ROC AUC  ≤  0.9), excellent (0.9 < ROC AUC ≤ 1.0) and fair (0.7 < ROC AUC ≤ 0.8).According to the results, the selected bacterial family/taxa provided fair diagnostic tools followed by genus/taxa, whereas other bacterial genera /taxa failed the diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: We could demonstrate the gut microbiome-based classifiers' potential for identifying people suffering from the increased risks for T2D. The findings also revealed that genus-Faecalibacterium, genus-Roseburia, and genus-Phascolarctobacterium were the main discriminants for T2D.