Frequency of human toxocariasis in a rural population from Cajamarca, Peru determined by DOT-ELISA test Freqüência de toxocaríase humana numa população rural de Cajamarca, Peru, mediante o uso do teste DOT-ELISA

The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of human toxocariasis in Cauday district, Cajamarca, Peru, using a dot-ELISA test. From June to October 2005, a total of 256 adult subjects were studied. Blood samples were collected for serology by a dot-ELISA test and for hematological examinatio...

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Published inRevista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo Vol. 51; no. 2; pp. 67 - 71
Main Authors William H. Roldán, Yrma A. Espinoza, Pedro E. Huapaya, Alina F. Huiza, Carlos R. Sevilla, Susana Jiménez
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Universidade de São Paulo (USP) 01.04.2009
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Summary:The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of human toxocariasis in Cauday district, Cajamarca, Peru, using a dot-ELISA test. From June to October 2005, a total of 256 adult subjects were studied. Blood samples were collected for serology by a dot-ELISA test and for hematological examination. Parasitological examination was also carried out in stool samples to check cross-reactions in the dot-ELISA. The frequency observed was 44.92%, with a significant higher proportion of positivity in male subjects. From subjects with positive serology, 45.6% had respiratory symptoms, 40.44% abdominal pain, 32.35% hepatic symptoms, 14.7% cutaneous signs, 13.23% ocular manifestations, 43.38% eosinophilia, and all of these were statistically associated to serology. Among the population evaluated, 90.23% (231/256) were parasitized. From subjects with positive serology, 92.17% had at least one intestinal parasite and the most frequent were: Blastocystis hominis (68.38%), Giardia lamblia (28.68%), Hymenolepis nana (20.0%), Ascaris lumbricoides (15.65%), Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (13.24%), Cyclospora cayetanensis (4.41%), Cryptosporidium sp. (1.47%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.87%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.87%), Taenia sp. (0.87%), and Trichuris trichiura (0.87%). The rate of false positives in the dot-ELISA test was improved by serum absorption each with A. suum antigens, with a decrease of cross-reactions. In conclusion, human toxocariasis is highly frequent in this population and some risk factors like dog/cat ownership, presence of pets within house, and previous history of geophagia were observed in the present study.O propósito do presente estudo foi estimar a freqüência da toxocaríase no distrito de Cauday, Cajamarca, Peru, usando o dot-ELISA teste. Entre junho e outubro de 2005, um total de 256 pessoas foram avaliadas. Coletaram-se amostras de sangue para o teste de dot-ELISA e para o exame hematológico e amostras de fezes para exame parasitológico. A freqüência geral de anticorpos anti-Toxocara observada foi de 44,92%, com maior proporção significativa de positividade em pessoas do sexo masculino. Das pessoas com sorologia positiva, 45,6% apresentavam sintomas respiratórios, 40,44% dores abdominais, 32,35% moléstias hepáticas, 14,7% sinais cutâneos, 13,23% manifestações oculares, 43,38% eosinofilia e todos estes fatores foram estatisticamente associados à sorologia. Entre as pessoas avaliadas 90,23% estavam parasitadas e 92,17% das pessoas com sorologia positiva tinham algum parasito intestinal, sendo os mais freqüentes: Blastocystis hominis (68,38%), Giardia lamblia (28,68%), Hymenolepis nana (20,0%), Ascaris lumbricoides (15,65%), Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (13,24%), Cyclospora cayetanensis (4,41%), Cryptosporidium sp. (1,47%), Enterobius vermicularis (0,87%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0,87%), Taenia sp. (0,87%) e Trichuris trichiura (0,87%). A taxa de falsos positivos no teste dot-ELISA foi melhorada pela absorção dos soros com antígenos de A. suum, com diminuição das reações cruzadas. Em conclusão, a toxocaríase humana é altamente freqüente nesta população e fatores de risco como ter um cão/gato, presença dos animais dentro de casa e estória prévia de geofagia foram observados durante o presente estudo.
ISSN:0036-4665
1678-9946
DOI:10.1590/S0036-46652009000200002