Daily intake of macronutrients in a group of institutionalized elderly people in León. Spain Ingestión diaria de macronutrientes por un grupo de ancianos ingresados en residencias de León. España
Monitoring of energy distribution of the three macronutrients of diet could be beneficial in order to improve the physiological status of elderly people. The objective of this study is to analyse total daily energy intake as well as the caloric contribution of the macronutrients and alcohol, which m...
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Published in | Nutrición hospitalaria : organo oficial de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral Vol. 18; no. 2; pp. 87 - 90 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Arán Ediciones, S. L
01.04.2003
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Monitoring of energy distribution of the three macronutrients of diet could be beneficial in order to improve the physiological status of elderly people. The objective of this study is to analyse total daily energy intake as well as the caloric contribution of the macronutrients and alcohol, which make up basic diet of five nursing homes in León (Spain). Dietary consumption was evaluated in a group of 107 elderly people, aged 65-98 years. A precise weighing method was used to conduct the control of food intake covering seven days. Protein, carbohydrates, fat, alcohol, dietary fiber and cholesterol intake were obtained. Weight, and Height also were measured. Total dietary energy intake was significantly higher in men (130.5%) than in women (115.6%), with regard to recommended value. Relative contribution of macronutrients to total energy intake is extremely unbalanced. Energy derived from protein was very high (16.7%), energy derived from fat was also very high, and significantly higher for females (39.6%) than for males (34.4%), whereas the proportion derived from carbohydrates was very low, although also significantly higher in females (41.5%) than in males (35.8%), due to the high energy percentage that make up the alcohol intake in males (9.1%). A review of the diet offered by nursing homes, not only directed at the adjustment of total energy intake but also with respect to alcohol intake and macronutrient content of foodstuffs used in the elaboration of the menus, would be required in order not to unbalance the caloric profile of the diet.La supervisión de la distribución energética de los tres macronutrientes de la dieta podría mejorar el estado fisiológico de los ancianos. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la ingestión energética diaria total y la contribución calórica de los macronutrientes y del alcohol, que representan la alimentación básica de cinco residencias para ancianos de León (España). Se ha examinado el consumo alimentario de un grupo de 107 ancianos, de 65 a 98 años. Se utilizó un método preciso de pesaje para controlar la ingestión de alimentos durante 7 días. Se calcularon la ingestión de proteínas, hidratos de carbono, grasas, alcohol, fibra dietética y colesterol. Asimismo, se midieron la talla y el peso. La ingestión energética total resultó significativamente mayor entre los varones (130,5%) que entre las mujeres (115,6%), por lo que se refiere a los valores recomendados. El aporte relativo de macronutrientes a la energía total estaba muy desequilibrado. La energía procedente de las proteínas era excesiva (16,7%), al igual que la de las grasas, sobre todo y de manera significativa entre las mujeres (39,6% frente al 34,4% de los varones), mientras que el porcentaje procedente de los hidratos de carbono era muy bajo, aunque significativamente mayor entre las mujeres (41,5%) que entre los varones (35,8%), debido al elevado porcentaje energético del alcohol para el sexo masculino (9,1%). Para que el perfil calórico de la dieta no se vea desequilibrado, es necesario revisar la alimentación proporcionada en las residencias de ancianos, no sólo para corregir la ingesta energética total sino para evaluar el consumo de alcohol y el contenido de macronutrientes utilizado para elaborar los menús. |
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ISSN: | 0212-1611 |