Research progress and prospects of bone defect therapy using stem cell-derived exosomes

• Published in: 生物医学转化 Vol. 4; no. 4; pp. 17 - 25
• Main Authors: Lin Sicheng, Liu Jia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Lanzhou University Press 01.12.2023
• Subjects: bone defects; crispr-cas; exosomes; stem cells
• ISSN: 2096-8965
• DOI: 10.12287/j.issn.2096-8965.20230403

Bone regeneration is a sophisticated, precisely controlled physiological process. In addition to bone metabolism balance under normal conditions, bone regeneration occurs also in bone repair process following bone damage or diseases. Clinically, treatment of critical bone defects typically requires the use of a series intervention technologies for bone regeneration, including transplantation, administration of growth factors, distraction osteogenesis and others. Exosome is a newly emerging research field, and has been used in many medical indications with notable therapeutic outcomes. However, due to the sophisticated chemical compositions of exosomes, composing of lipid bilayers encapsulating a number of protein and nucleic acid molecules, the mechanism of action studies, manufacturing process and clinical applications are largely impeded. Specifically, in the applications of exosome-mediated therapy for bone defects, many fundamental scientific questions remain to be elucidated, such as how exosomes enter a