Fenomenologia trascendentale e cognizione incarnata. La relazione tra soggetto, corpo e mondo nel quadro di un’ontologia naturale riformata

• Published in: Rivista internazionale di filosofia e psicologia Vol. 15; no. 3; pp. 166 - 181
• Main Author: Edoardo Fugali
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: German
• Published: Mimesis Edizioni, Milano 01.12.2024
• Subjects: embodied cognition; enactivism; perception; phenomenology; subjectivity
• ISSN: 2039-4667; 2239-2629
• DOI: 10.4453/rifp.2024.0021

This contribution offers a comparison between enactivist cognitive science and classical phenomenology, with a particular focus on key figures such as Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty. Two central issues are explored: the relationship between subject, body, and world, and the mediating role of action within a dynamic conception of cognition. The transcendental perspective emerging from incarnate subjectivity emphasizes the continuity between action, perception, and higher cognitive functions, challenging the mind-body duality in favor of a unified and continuous phenomenological experience. The second issue addresses physicalist naturalism and the need to move beyond mechanistic assumptions, proposing a weak naturalism that remains compatible with a transcendental perspective, one that grounds subjectivity in an embodied biological organism. An ontology of nature, inspired by Merleau-Ponty, is explored, emphasizing the qualitative aspects of the “flesh” and overcoming the limitations inherent in Husserl’s approach.