Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Triacetate from Cocoa Pod Husk

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inBioresources Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 1684 - 1698
Main Authors Massé Bamba, Edja Florentin Assanvo, Esaïe Kouadio Appiah Kouassi, Doudjo Soro, Leygnima Yaya Ouattara, Kouassi Benjamin Yao, Allali Patrick Drogui, Dayal Rajeshwar Tyagi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published North Carolina State University 01.01.2023
Subjects
acetylation
cellulose
cellulose triacetate
cph (cocoa pod husk)
degree of substitution
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Summary:The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a explore new way acetylation reaction in the presence of acetic acid, acetic anhydride, and sulphuric acid. The CTA obtained had a degree of substitution of 2.87 and a percentage of acetylated group of 43.8%, as determined by titration. The result of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the appearance of the stretching of the ester and the acetyl groups, indicating the formation of CTA. X-ray diffraction showed that the crystallinity index of CPH cellulose was 38.4%, while indicating the semi-crystalline nature of CTA produced. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed a change in the morphology of CTA after acetylation. X-ray energy dispersive analysis showed that the CTA was mainly composed of carbon and oxygen.
ISSN:1930-2126