Double Valve Replacement (Mitral and Aortic) for Rheumatic Heart Disease: A 20-year experience with 300 patients

• Published in: Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Medicine Vol. 4; no. 3; pp. 484 - 489
• Main Authors: Prashant Mishra, Harsh Seth, Jayant Khandekar, Chandan Mohapatra, Ganesh Ammannaya, Chaitanya Raut, Jaskaran Saini, Vaibhav Shah
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 01.09.2016
• Subjects: Double Valve Replacement; Rheumatic Heart Disease; St. Jude Valve; Starr Edwards Valve
• ISSN: 2345-2447; 2322-5750
• DOI: 10.22038/jctm.2016.7427

Introduction: Rheumatic heart disease still remains one of the leading causes of congestive heart failure and death owing to valvular pathologies, in developing countries. Valve replacement still remains the treatment of choice in such patients.The aim of this study wasto analyze the postoperative outcome of  double valve replacement (Mitral and Aortic ) in patients of rheumatic heart disease. Materials and Methods: Between 1988 and 2008, 300 patients of rheumatic heart disease underwent double (Mitral and Aortic) valve replacement with Starr Edwards valve or St Jude mechanical valve prosthesis were implanted. These patients were studied retrospectively for preoperative data and postoperative outcome including causes of early and late deaths and the data was analyzed statistically. Results: The 30-day hospital death rate was 11.3% andlate death occurred in 11.6%. Anticoagulant regimen was followed to maintain the target pro-thrombin time at 1.5 times the control value. The actuarial survival (exclusive of hospital mortality) was 92.4%, 84.6%, and 84.4%, per year at 5, 10, and 20 years, respectively Conclusions: In view of the acknowledged advantageof superior durability, increased thromboresistance in our patient population, and its cost effectiveness the Starr-Edwards ball valve or St. Jude valve is the mechanical prosthesis of choice for advanced combined valvular disease. The low-intensity anticoagulant regimen has offered suffcient protection against thromboembolism as well as hemorrhage.