Chamanismo y etnoturismo: la venta de rituales de ayahuasca y la compra de sentidos en el Alto Napo
The Napo Runa ethnic group has been characterized by its historic configuration of binding character and for having a rich cultural baggage of ethno-medical knowledge. Evidently it is an ethnic group that has had successive contact throughout time, the reason for which it has been revisited in innum...
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Published in | Antropología: Cuadernos de Investigación no. 8; pp. 49 - 73 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | Spanish |
Published |
2009
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Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The Napo Runa ethnic group has been characterized by its historic configuration of binding character and for having a rich cultural baggage of ethno-medical knowledge. Evidently it is an ethnic group that has had successive contact throughout time, the reason for which it has been revisited in innumerable imaginations following the established interests and the type of encounters.We allude to the type of encounter which exploits the sale of ayahuasca rituals on the part of the Shaman and their family to ethno tourists. It is an encounter which inevitably generates tension, which is shown on an internal level in the relations of power within the family or the Shaman and the community, and on an external level as the cultural distance that puts in question the ̈loaning ̈ of symbolic codes, which are as valuable to the Napo runa as they are to the ethno tourists.The nodal point from which we embark on the present study is the consideration of Shamanism as the axis on which the Napo Runa maintain themselves and diversify within a sociocultural context. On this premise, we will see the forms in which Shamanism operates in this ethnic group focusing on the way in which the cultural system is underlined by the gift economy.This will reveal the type of change that is created by the sale of rituals and the cultural reproduction adopted as strategies faced with the foreign injections in contemporaneity.
La etnia Napo runa, se ha caracterizado por su configuración histórica de carácter aglutinante y por contener un rico bagaje de saber etno-médico. Evidentemente, es una etnia que ha tenido sucesivos contactos a lo largo del tiempo, razón por la cual se los ha revestido de innumerables imaginarios según los intereses establecidos y el tipo de encuentros. Uno de los encuentros a los que aludimos, tiene que ver con la venta de rituales de ayahuasca por parte del chamán y su familia hacia los etno-turistas. En este encuentro se generan al menos dos tipos tensiones: las que se muestran a nivel interno, que tienen que ver con las relaciones de poder dentro de la familia del chamán y la comunidad; y a nivel externo, en las distancias culturales que ponen en cuestión y “préstamo” códigos simbólicos, de los que se valen tanto los Napo runas como los etno-turistas. El presente estudio, pretende considerar al chamanismo como eje por el cual se mantienen y dinamizan los Napo runa según el contexto sociocultural. Desde esta premisa, veremos las formas en las que opera el chamanismo en este grupo étnico, enfocándolo a manera de un sistema cultural en el que subyace la economía del don. Esto dará cuenta del tipo de cambios que se presentan con la venta de rituales y por ello las coordenadas de reproducción cultural adoptadas como estrategias frente a la injerencia foránea en la contemporaneidad. |
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ISSN: | 1390-4256 2631-2506 |