The prevalence and risk factors for Mallory-Weiss syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health Vol. 8; no. 6; p. 3096
• Main Authors: Albalawi, Abdulmajeed, Alabbadi, Hasan, Almoqbell, Tamim, Alsayari, Omar, Aljohani, Abdulrahman, Almana, Ohoud, Alenazi, Amal, Alanazi, Nawal, Al-thuwaybi, Maha, Aljohani, Anas, Alshuhayeb, Mohammed, Binhashr, Haya, Almutairi, Maram, Alameer, Essam, Alsuhaymi, Fahad, Abusabir, Dina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 25.05.2021
• ISSN: 2394-6032; 2394-6040
• DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211937

Mallory-Weiss syndrome (MWS), characterized by tearing and blood from mouth and stool, is a complication of gastro esophageal tract. The prevalence varies and there are a number of risk factors associated with MWS development. The present study is a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence and various risk factors associated with Mallory-Weiss syndrome development. We systematically searched literature using specified keywords, reviewed it, and selected articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Qualitative data was presented in tables and the quantitative data was used to draw forest plots. Percentage was used to determine overall effect size for prevalence and OR and 95% CIs was used to determine overall effect size of risk factors. Our analysis of 21 studies showed that the overall effect size for prevalence was 15.46% with 95% CI of 13.63-17.29. The pooled effect size for hiatus hernia as risk factor was found to be OR 1.96 with 95% CI of 1.96 (1.73-2.22). The pooled effect size for alcohol as risk factor OR 0.81 with 95% CI of 1.96 (0.63-1.05). Finally, we found the pooled effect size for hiccups as risk factor OR 1.04 with 95% CI of 1.96 (0.78-1.39). Mallory-Weiss syndrome is not widely prevalent in various populations. There are a number of risk factors for MWS and hiatus hernia is most significant. Alcohol consumption is not strong predictor and hiccups are an emerging risk factor. There is a need for new studies with large number of subjects and controlled conditions.