Model of COD and PO 4 Reduction in Bima Bay Wastewater Using Innovations of Ipomoea aquatica, Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipes with EM4 as a Bioremediator

• Published in: BIO web of conferences Vol. 133; p. 15
• Main Authors: Al-Irsyad, Muhammad, Kustono, Djoko, Humairo, Mika Vernicia, Sulistyorini, Anita, Afni, Laura Fadillah, Adji, Lanang Laksita, Qodriyah, Desbiul, Dini, Puspasari Meisya, Aisah Binti Mokhtar, Siti, Aqwam, Adhi, Asryadin, Khairunnisa, Rizka, Sidik, Muhammad, Rahmadana, Weva
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2024
• ISSN: 2117-4458; 2117-4458
• DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/202413300015

Water pollution remains a critical environmental issue in Indonesia, particularly exemplified by the algae bloom phenomenon in Bima Bay. As a potential solution, it is necessary to treat the water with phytoremediation, which involves the use of a combination of various aquatic plants. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Ipomoea aquatica, Pistia stratiotes , and Eichhornia crassipes , along with Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) as a bioremediator, in reducing pollutants in Bima Bay. This study adopts a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test control group design. Results show that the initial Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in the river water was 539.7 milligrams per liter (mg/L), while the phosphate (PO 4 ) concentration was 0.16 mg/L. Phytoremediation using the Ipomoea aquatica (water spinach), Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce), and Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) plants has demonstrated the effective reduction of river water COD level by 5.3 mg/L to 95.5 mg/L. However, the method proved ineffective in reducing river water PO 4 level, with an increase of 0.03 mg/L to 0.32 mg/L. The Kruskal-Wallis test yielded statistically significant results, indicating notable differences in COD and PO 4 levels in river water across various measurement periods within each treatment group. The findings indicate that phytoremediation using Ipomoea aquatica, Pistia stratiotes , and Eichhornia crassipes with EM4 as a bioremediator is an effective approach for reducing COD levels in river water. However, this method proved less effective in reducing PO 4 levels, which may continue to pose challenges in addressing water pollution in Bima Bay.