High-performance microwave absorption by optimizing hydrothermal synthesis of BaFe 12 O 19 @MnO 2 core–shell composites
Stealth technology advances in radar-absorbing materials (RAMs) continue to grow rapidly. Barium hexaferrite is the best candidate for RAMs applications. Manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) is a transition metal with high dielectric loss and can be used as a booster for changing polarization and reducing ref...
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Published in | RSC advances Vol. 13; no. 39; pp. 27634 - 27647 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
08.09.2023
|
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Stealth technology advances in radar-absorbing materials (RAMs) continue to grow rapidly. Barium hexaferrite is the best candidate for RAMs applications. Manganese dioxide (MnO
2
) is a transition metal with high dielectric loss and can be used as a booster for changing polarization and reducing reflection loss. The advantages of BaFe
12
O
19
and MnO
2
can be combined in a core–shell BaFe
12
O
19
@MnO
2
composite to improve the material's performance. MnO
2
composition, temperature, hydrothermal holding time, and sample thickness all have an impact on the core–shell structure. In this study, a core–shell BaFe
12
O
19
@MnO
2
composite is synthesized in two stages: molten salt synthesis to produce BaFe
12
O
19
as the core and hydrothermal synthesis to synthesize MnO
2
as the shell. In the hydrothermal synthesis, BaFe
12
O
19
and KMnO
4
were mixed in deionized water using different mass ratios of BaFe
12
O
19
to KMnO
4
(1 : 0.25, 1 : 0.5, 1 : 0.75, and 1 : 1). The main goal of the analysis was to figure out how well the hydrothermal synthesis method worked at different temperatures (140 °C, 160 °C, and 180 °C) and holding times (9 h, 12 h, and 15 h). The composite material was subjected to characterization using a vector network analyzer, specifically at thicknesses of 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, and 3 mm. The hydrothermal temperature and composition ratio of BaFe
12
O
19
: MnO
2
are the most influential parameters in reducing reflection loss. Accurate control of the parameters makes a BaFe
12
O
19
@MnO
2
core–shell composite structure with a lot of sheets. The structure is capable of absorbing 99.99% of electromagnetic waves up to a sample thickness of 1.5 mm. The novelty of this study is its ability to achieve maximal absorptions on a sample with minimal thickness through precise parametric control. This characteristic makes it highly suitable for practical applications, such as performing as an anti-radar coating material. BaFe
12
O
19
@MnO
2
demonstrates performance as a reliable electromagnetic wave absorber material with simple fabrication, producing absorption at C and X band frequencies. |
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ISSN: | 2046-2069 2046-2069 |
DOI: | 10.1039/D3RA05114E |