1？082例呼吸道感染住院患儿鼻咽部携带卡他莫拉菌状况及其耐药性分析

目的了解呼吸道感染儿童鼻咽部卡他莫拉菌的携带情况及分离株对常见抗菌药物的敏感性。方法采集1 082例呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽拭子并分离卡他莫拉菌,采用E-test法和纸片扩散法检测菌株对11种常见抗菌药物的敏感性,结合3种判读标准解读检测结果。用头孢硝噻吩纸片法检测分离株是否产β-内酰胺酶。结果 1 082例呼吸道感染患儿中,鼻咽部卡他莫拉菌携带率为7.12%（77/1 082）。所有菌株均产β-内酰胺酶。无论使用哪种判读标准,所有菌株对阿莫西林-克拉维酸均敏感;对环丙沙星和四环素的敏感率〉95.0%。根据EUCAST和CLSI标准,分离株对磺胺甲噁唑-甲氧苄啶的敏感率高达98.7%,对所检测的3种...

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Published in中国当代儿科杂志 Vol. 18; no. 8; pp. 707 - 712
Main Author 唐萍 史伟 曾海玲 丁维 王诚 姚开虎 文德年
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 2016
Subjects
儿童
卡他莫拉菌
携带率
耐药性
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Summary:目的了解呼吸道感染儿童鼻咽部卡他莫拉菌的携带情况及分离株对常见抗菌药物的敏感性。方法采集1 082例呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽拭子并分离卡他莫拉菌,采用E-test法和纸片扩散法检测菌株对11种常见抗菌药物的敏感性,结合3种判读标准解读检测结果。用头孢硝噻吩纸片法检测分离株是否产β-内酰胺酶。结果 1 082例呼吸道感染患儿中,鼻咽部卡他莫拉菌携带率为7.12%（77/1 082）。所有菌株均产β-内酰胺酶。无论使用哪种判读标准,所有菌株对阿莫西林-克拉维酸均敏感;对环丙沙星和四环素的敏感率〉95.0%。根据EUCAST和CLSI标准,分离株对磺胺甲噁唑-甲氧苄啶的敏感率高达98.7%,对所检测的3种头孢菌素的敏感率均超过80%。但根据BSAC标准判读时,菌株对头孢呋辛的敏感率仅为2.6%,对氨苄西林耐药率为81.8%。依据CLSI判读时,分离株对红霉素的不敏感率为79.2%,根据EUCAST或BSAC判断时,其不敏感率高达90.9%,且超过三分之一的菌株（27/77,35.1%）MIC值〉256 mg/L。结论呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽部卡他莫拉菌分离株均产β-内酰胺酶,对阿莫西林-克拉维酸全部敏感,对第三代和第四代头孢菌素、磺胺甲噁唑-甲氧苄啶敏感率高,但多对氨苄青霉素、头孢呋辛和红霉素耐药。
Bibliography:TANG Ping,SHI Wei,ZENG Hai-Ling,DING Wei,WANG Cheng,YAO Kai-Hu,WEN De-Nian （Department of Laboratory Medicine, People＇s Hospital of Zhongjiang County, Zhongjiang, Siehuan 618100, China ）
Moraxella catarrhalis; Prevalence; Drug resistance; Child
Objective To investigate the prevalence of Moraxella catarrhalis in the nasopharyngeal region of children with respiratory infection and the sensitivity of Moraxella catarrhalis isolates to common antimicrobial drugs.Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 1 082 children with respiratory infection,and Moraxella catarrhalis strains were isolated.The E-test method and disc diffusion test were used to determine the sensitivity of these strains to 11 common antimicrobial drugs.The test results were interpreted with reference to the standards of European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing（EUCAST）,Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute（CLSI）,and British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy（BSAC）.The nitrocefin disc method was used to detect wheth
ISSN:1008-8830