表达播娘蒿突变基因DsALS-108的抗苯磺隆甘蓝型油菜植株构建

利用化学杀雄剂如苯磺隆(tribenuron-methyl,TBM)除草剂诱导雄性不育,是甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)杂种优势应用的主要途径之一。选育具有TBM除草剂抗性的甘蓝型油菜作为父本,有利于简化制种程序,降低制种成本,对提高甘蓝型油菜的产量和品质具有重要意义。乙酰乳酸合成酶(acetolactate synthase,ALS)是合成支链氨基酸(缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸)的关键酶。ALS抑制类除草剂以乙酰乳酸合成酶为靶标,通过抑制其活性阻碍支链氨基酸的合成,导致植株死亡。TBM属于一种磺酰脲类(sulfonylureas,SU)ALS抑制类除草剂。为了改良甘蓝型油菜抗除草剂...

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Published in农业生物技术学报 Vol. 24; no. 4; pp. 469 - 477
Main Author 吴学莉 易丽聪 侯凡 吴江生 姚璇 刘克德
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 2016
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Summary:利用化学杀雄剂如苯磺隆(tribenuron-methyl,TBM)除草剂诱导雄性不育,是甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)杂种优势应用的主要途径之一。选育具有TBM除草剂抗性的甘蓝型油菜作为父本,有利于简化制种程序,降低制种成本,对提高甘蓝型油菜的产量和品质具有重要意义。乙酰乳酸合成酶(acetolactate synthase,ALS)是合成支链氨基酸(缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸)的关键酶。ALS抑制类除草剂以乙酰乳酸合成酶为靶标,通过抑制其活性阻碍支链氨基酸的合成,导致植株死亡。TBM属于一种磺酰脲类(sulfonylureas,SU)ALS抑制类除草剂。为了改良甘蓝型油菜抗除草剂的遗传特性,本研究首先从一个抗TBM除草剂的播娘蒿(Descurainia sophia)天然突变体(#108)中克隆了ALS基因(Gen Bank登录号:EU520490),命名为Ds ALS-108。和拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)乙酰乳酸合成酶At ALS蛋白序列的比对结果显示,保守氨基酸位点脯氨酸197在突变型蛋白Ds ALS-108中替换为苏氨酸(即P197T)。为了验证含有P197T突变的Ds ALS-108基因是否使植株产生TBM除草剂抗性的原因,构建表达载体PBI121-Ds ALS-108,并通过农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)介导法将该载体转化拟南芥,共获得12个阳性转基因株系。喷洒浓度大于等于1.0×10-4g/L TBM后,野生型植株停止生长,趋于死亡,而拟南芥转化植株均能正常生长,说明表达突变基因Ds ALS-108致使拟南芥植株抗TBM除草剂。在甘蓝型油菜转化中,以下胚轴为外植体,通过农杆菌介导法将载体p CAMBIA3301-Ds ALS-108导入甘蓝型油菜中,共获得23个阳性转基因株系。结果发现,Ds ALS-108的表达使甘蓝型油菜对苯磺隆的抗性提高至野生型致死浓度的3倍,即7.5×10-3g/L。而且,当用化学杀雄使用剂量(0.05 mg/L TBM)处理甘蓝型油菜转化植株后,其花粉育性正常,说明该转化植株可作为父本应用于化学诱导的雄性不育系统,进行杂交制种。本研究为利用化学诱导的雄性不育系统实现杂种优势提供新材料。
Bibliography:WU Xue-Li, YI Li-Cong, HOU Fan, WU Jiang-Sheng, YAO Xuan, LIU Ke-De (National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)
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Chemical-induced male sterility (CIMS) system, which depends on some chemical hybridization agents (CHAs) such as tribenuron-methyl (TBM) herbicide, is one of the important ways for heterosis utilization in rapeseed (Brassica napus). Selective breeding TMB herbicide resistant rapeseed as male parent in CIMS system can simplify the protocol and cut the cost of hybrid seed production for better yield and quality of rapeseed. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of branched-chain amino acids, including leucine, isoleucine and valine. Several herbicidal ALS-inhibitors can bind to ALS and inhibit the activity of ALS, resulting in plant death by blocking the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids. Sulfonylurea (SU) is a kind of herbicidal ALS-inhibitors such as TBM. In this study, we cloned the mut
ISSN:1674-7968