Presence of different sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) viruses on associated weed species

In a two growth-cycle survey, 30 annual and 13 perennial weed species were determined in different sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) growing areas of the Limari and Elqui valleys of Coquimbo Region of Chile (29° to 30° S lat). The samples were randomly taken in and outside tomato fields, with and w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAgricultura técnica Vol. 65; no. 4
Main Authors Ormeño, Juan N, Sepúlveda, Paulina R
Format Journal Article
Published Chile Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA 03.01.2006
Subjects
AMV
Chenopodium
CMV
epidemiology
epidemiología
Galinsoga parviflora
INSV
malezas
Nicandra physalodes
pimientos
PVY
Solanum nigrum
sweet peppers
TSWV
virus
weeds
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Summary:In a two growth-cycle survey, 30 annual and 13 perennial weed species were determined in different sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) growing areas of the Limari and Elqui valleys of Coquimbo Region of Chile (29° to 30° S lat). The samples were randomly taken in and outside tomato fields, with and without crops present, in winter and spring. A total of 676 weed plants were collected, with a total of 379 samples being analyzed. DAS-ELISA was used to test the presence of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Potato virus Y (PVY) and Impatients necrotic spot virus (INSV). A 17% (64) of all collected samples were positive to at least one virus, of which 7.4% (28) came from symptomatic weeds and 9.4% (36) were from symptomless hosts. Jimsonweed (Datura spp.) was positive to CMV and PVY; apple-of-Peru ( Nicandra physalodes ) to AMV, CMV and PVY; black nightshade ( Solanum nigrum ) to CMV and PVY; sowthistle (Sonchus spp.) to AMV and TSWV; small-flower galinsoga ( Galinsoga parviflora ) to AMV, CMV, TSWV and INSV; common lambsquarters (Chenopodium spp.) to AMV, CMV, TSWV, PVY and INSV, among the principle species. Using a relative potential infection index (IPIR), weeds having highest values were small-flower galinsoga (74.7), apple-of-Peru (11.2), black nightshade (6.3) and lambsquarters (6.0). Species such as sowthistle, jimsonweed, bristly mallow ( Modiola caroliniana ), chickweed ( Stellaria media ) and pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) had indexes lower than 1.0. Small-flower galinsoga and apple-of-Peru had more than one virus, and these multiple virus infections were prevalent over single infections. It is imperative to control host weeds within cultivated areas and surroundings to reduce the incidence and dispersal of the viruses in sweet pepper plants.
ISSN:0365-2807