Iterative assembly of $^{171}$Yb atom arrays with cavity-enhanced optical lattices

• Main Authors: Norcia, M. A, Kim, H, Cairncross, W. B, Stone, M, Ryou, A, Jaffe, M, Brown, M. O, Barnes, K, Battaglino, P, Bohdanowicz, T. C, Brown, A, Cassella, K, Chen, C. -A, Coxe, R, Crow, D, Epstein, J, Griger, C, Halperin, E, Hummel, F, Jones, A. M. W, Kindem, J. M, King, J, Kotru, K, Lauigan, J, Li, M, Lu, M, Megidish, E, Marjanovic, J, McDonald, M, Mittiga, T, Muniz, J. A, Narayanaswami, S, Nishiguchi, C, Paule, T, Pawlak, K. A, Peng, L. S, Pudenz, K. L, Perez, D. Rodriguez, Smull, A, Stack, D, Urbanek, M, van de Veerdonk, R. J. M, Vendeiro, Z, Wadleigh, L, Wilkason, T, Wu, T. -Y, Xie, X, Zalys-Geller, E, Zhang, X, Bloom, B. J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 29.01.2024
• Subjects: Physics - Atomic Physics; Physics - Quantum Physics
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2401.16177

Assembling and maintaining large arrays of individually addressable atoms is a key requirement for continued scaling of neutral-atom-based quantum computers and simulators. In this work, we demonstrate a new paradigm for assembly of atomic arrays, based on a synergistic combination of optical tweezers and cavity-enhanced optical lattices, and the incremental filling of a target array from a repetitively filled reservoir. In this protocol, the tweezers provide microscopic rearrangement of atoms, while the cavity-enhanced lattices enable the creation of large numbers of optical traps with sufficient depth for rapid low-loss imaging of atoms. We apply this protocol to demonstrate near-deterministic filling (99% per-site occupancy) of 1225-site arrays of optical traps. Because the reservoir is repeatedly filled with fresh atoms, the array can be maintained in a filled state indefinitely. We anticipate that this protocol will be compatible with mid-circuit reloading of atoms into a quantum processor, which will be a key capability for running large-scale error-corrected quantum computations whose durations exceed the lifetime of a single atom in the system.