Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking of Vortex Number in Binary Alternating Current Countersuperflow
In binary superfluid counterflow systems, vortex nucleation arises as a consequence of hydrodynamic instabilities when the coupling coefficient and counterflow velocity exceed the critical value. When dealing with two identical components, one might naturally anticipate that the number of vortices g...
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| Main Authors | , , |
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| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
06.11.2023
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Summary: | In binary superfluid counterflow systems, vortex nucleation arises as a
consequence of hydrodynamic instabilities when the coupling coefficient and
counterflow velocity exceed the critical value. When dealing with two identical
components, one might naturally anticipate that the number of vortices
generated would remain equal. However, through the numerical experiments of the
holographic model and the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, our investigation has
unveiled a remarkable phenomenon: in Alternating Current counterflow systems,
once the coupling coefficient and frequency exceed certain critical values, a
surprising symmetry-breaking phenomenon occurs. This results in an asymmetry in
the number of vortices in the two components. We establish that this phenomenon
represents a novel continuous phase transition, which, as indicated by the
phase diagram, is exclusively observable in Alternating Current counterflow. We
provide an explanation for this intriguing phenomenon through soliton
structures, thereby uncovering the complex and unique characteristics of
quantum fluid instabilities and their rich phenomena. |
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| DOI: | 10.48550/arxiv.2311.03418 |