Single pixel performance of a 32$\times$32 Ti/Au TES array with broadband X-ray spectra

• Main Authors: D'Andrea, Matteo, Taralli, Emanuele, Akamatsu, Hiroki, Gottardi, Luciano, Nagayoshi, Kenichiro, Ravensberg, Kevin, Ridder, Marcel L, Vaccaro, Davide, de Vries, Cor P, de Wit, Martin, Bruijn, Marcel P, Hoogeveen, Ruud W. M, Gao, Jian-Rong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 16.02.2021
• Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors; Physics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2102.08103

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity (Volume: 31, Issue: 5, Aug. 2021) We are developing a kilo-pixels Ti/Au TES array as a backup option for Athena X-IFU. Here we report on single-pixel performance of a 32$\times$32 array operated in a Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) readout system, with bias frequencies in the range 1-5 MHz. We have tested the pixels response at several photon energies, by means of a $^{55}$Fe radioactive source (emitting Mn-K$\alpha$ at 5.9 keV) and a Modulated X-ray Source (MXS, providing Cr-K$\alpha$ at 5.4 keV and Cu-K$\alpha$ at 8.0 keV). First, we report the procedure used to perform the detector energy scale calibration, usually achieving a calibration accuracy better than $\sim$ 0.5 eV in the 5.4 - 8.9 keV energy range. Then, we present the measured energy resolution at the different energies (best single pixel performance: $\Delta$E$_{FWHM}$ = 2.40 $\pm$ 0.09 eV @ 5.4 keV; 2.53 $\pm$ 0.10 eV @ 5.9 keV; 2.78 $\pm$ 0.16 eV @ 8.0 keV), investigating also the performance dependency from the pixel bias frequency and the count rate. Thanks to long background measurements ($\sim$ 1 day), we finally detected also the Al-K$\alpha$ line at 1.5 keV, generated by fluorescence inside the experimental setup. We analyzed this line to obtain a first assessment of the single-pixel performance also at low energy ($\Delta$E$_{FWHM}$ = 1.91 eV $\pm$ 0.21 eV @ 1.5 keV), and to evaluate the linearity of the detector response in a large energy band (1.5 - 8.9 keV).