Simulations of Forecast and Climate Modes Using Non-Hydrostatic Regional Models

• Published in: High Resolution Numerical Modelling of the Atmosphere and Ocean pp. 129 - 139
• Main Authors: Yoshizaki, Masanori, Muroi, Chiashi, Eito, Hisaki, Kanada, Sachie, Wakazuki, Yasutaka, Hashimoto, Akihiro
• Format: Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Springer New York 2008
• Subjects: Climate Mode; Cloud Band; Japan Meteorological Agency; Mesoscale Convective System; Vertical Wind Shear
• ISBN: 0387366717; 9780387366715
• DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-49791-4_8

Two applications with a cloud-resolving model are shown utilizing the Earth Simulator. The first application is a case in the winter cold-air outbreak situation observed over the Sea of Japan as a forecast mode. Detailed structures of the convergence zone (JPCZ) and formation of mechanism of transverse convective clouds (T-modes) are discussed. A wide domain in the horizontal (2000 × 2000) was used with a horizontal resolution of 1 km, and could reproduce detailed structures of the JPCZ as well as the cloud streets in the right positions. It is also found that the cloud streets of T-modes are parallel to the vertical wind shears and, thus, similar to the ordinary formation mechanism as longitudinal convective ones. The second application is changes in the Baiu frontal activity in the future warming climate from the present one as a climate mode. At the future warming climate, the Baiu front is more active over southern Japan, and the precipitation amounts increase there. On the other hand, the frequency of occurrence of heavy rainfall greater than 30 mm h-1 increases over the Japan Islands.