甘肃积石山MS6.2地震地质灾害发育特征及孕灾环境分析
P546; 2023年 12月 18日甘肃省临夏州积石山县发生MS 6.2地震,此次地震诱发了崩塌、滑坡和泥流等一系列地质次生灾害,是近年来中国 6级以上地震损失极其严重的一次.综合分析区域孕灾环境及地质次生灾害发育特征发现,拉脊山地区海拔高、地形复杂、活断裂作用显著以及第四纪松散堆积物覆盖广且厚度大等因素,使得该地区在地震作用下极易产生蠕滑-拉裂破坏并诱发滑坡等地质次生灾害.利用层次分析法综合考虑断裂、地层岩性、植被覆盖、坡度及降水 5个关键因子对积石山区域地质灾害发育的影响.研究结果显示,地层岩性是区域地质次生灾害的主导因素,其权重可达 42%;其次是断层,权重约占 26%;而降水的影响权...
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| Published in | 地质力学学报 Vol. 31; no. 1; pp. 139 - 155 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京 100081
01.02.2025
自然资源部活动构造与地质安全重点实验室,北京 100081%中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081%中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081 |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1006-6616 |
| DOI | 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2024069 |
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| Abstract | P546; 2023年 12月 18日甘肃省临夏州积石山县发生MS 6.2地震,此次地震诱发了崩塌、滑坡和泥流等一系列地质次生灾害,是近年来中国 6级以上地震损失极其严重的一次.综合分析区域孕灾环境及地质次生灾害发育特征发现,拉脊山地区海拔高、地形复杂、活断裂作用显著以及第四纪松散堆积物覆盖广且厚度大等因素,使得该地区在地震作用下极易产生蠕滑-拉裂破坏并诱发滑坡等地质次生灾害.利用层次分析法综合考虑断裂、地层岩性、植被覆盖、坡度及降水 5个关键因子对积石山区域地质灾害发育的影响.研究结果显示,地层岩性是区域地质次生灾害的主导因素,其权重可达 42%;其次是断层,权重约占 26%;而降水的影响权重虽然只占 6%,但也不可忽视.积石山及其邻区地质次生灾害危险区主要集中在震中周围的拉脊山前缘一带,呈条状分布,与VIII度地震烈度区域大体一致.地质次生灾害点受软弱地质环境影响为主,集中在拉脊山断裂带下盘,尤其是积石山县、大家河镇和白藏镇等地,灾害分布密集且受地震影响显著,需要重点监测及预防,同时对第四系黄土层防护工程也应予以足够重视.另一方面,在余震分布密集区,未发现显著的地质次生灾害点,推测是因为主震释放了较大应力,诱发了主要地质次生灾害.在多次余震之后,岩体应力状态逐渐趋于平衡,地质构造在震后重组并趋向稳定,从而降低了进一步发生地质次生灾害的风险. |
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| AbstractList | P546; 2023年 12月 18日甘肃省临夏州积石山县发生MS 6.2地震,此次地震诱发了崩塌、滑坡和泥流等一系列地质次生灾害,是近年来中国 6级以上地震损失极其严重的一次.综合分析区域孕灾环境及地质次生灾害发育特征发现,拉脊山地区海拔高、地形复杂、活断裂作用显著以及第四纪松散堆积物覆盖广且厚度大等因素,使得该地区在地震作用下极易产生蠕滑-拉裂破坏并诱发滑坡等地质次生灾害.利用层次分析法综合考虑断裂、地层岩性、植被覆盖、坡度及降水 5个关键因子对积石山区域地质灾害发育的影响.研究结果显示,地层岩性是区域地质次生灾害的主导因素,其权重可达 42%;其次是断层,权重约占 26%;而降水的影响权重虽然只占 6%,但也不可忽视.积石山及其邻区地质次生灾害危险区主要集中在震中周围的拉脊山前缘一带,呈条状分布,与VIII度地震烈度区域大体一致.地质次生灾害点受软弱地质环境影响为主,集中在拉脊山断裂带下盘,尤其是积石山县、大家河镇和白藏镇等地,灾害分布密集且受地震影响显著,需要重点监测及预防,同时对第四系黄土层防护工程也应予以足够重视.另一方面,在余震分布密集区,未发现显著的地质次生灾害点,推测是因为主震释放了较大应力,诱发了主要地质次生灾害.在多次余震之后,岩体应力状态逐渐趋于平衡,地质构造在震后重组并趋向稳定,从而降低了进一步发生地质次生灾害的风险. |
| Abstract_FL | [Objective]The MS6.2 earthquake that struck Jishishan County,Gansu Province,on December 18,2023,triggered a series of secondary geological disasters,including landslides,collapses,and debris flows.This earthquake is considered one of the most devastating seismic events in China in recent years.The study aims to analyze the characteristics of seismicity-induced disasters in the region and identify the underlying geological factors contributing to these secondary geological hazards.Specifically,the research focuses on how the geological environment influences the development of these disasters,particularly landslides,collapses,and debris flows.This understanding will help to develop better disaster prevention and mitigation strategies for similar seismic regions.[Methods]To investigate these issues,the study uses a combination of field investigations,remote sensing image interpretation,and the analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The AHP was employed to evaluate the relative importance of five key factors—faults,lithology,vegetation cover,slope,and precipitation—in the formation of secondary geological hazards.The analysis also includes a detailed spatial distribution study of these factors and how they interact under seismic conditions.This multi-method approach provides a comprehensive understanding of the complex geological environment in Jishishan.[Results]Based on the integrated analysis,the secondary geological hazard zones of the study area are primarily concentrated along the front edge of Lajishan,closely aligned with the VIII seismic intensity zone of the Jishishan MS6.2 earthquake.Fewer hazard zones are located at the northern edge of Lijia Village,Guantan Village,and Manisigou Township.The higher-risk areas are centered around Jishishan County,extending eastward toward Lijia Village and Hanji Town.The secondary geological disaster points are concentrated in Jishishan County and the area surrounding it,particularly in valleys where Quaternary strata are abundant,forming a band-like distribution.Landslides are most prevalent in Jishishan County and Dahejia Town,where steep terrain,fragile geological structure,and significant rock weathering make the area vulnerable.The lack of vegetation exacerbates surface instability.Debris flows mainly occur in Baizang Town and around Jishishan,where steep slopes,concentrated rainfall,and abundant loose materials create ideal conditions for disaster.These debris flow sites are located near rivers or lakes,indicating that water flow and increased soil saturation are key factors triggering such events.Landslide sites are generally scattered but concentrated in areas of significant topographic change,following the Quaternary strata in valleys.These sites are denser near the Lajishan fault zone,showing the influence of fault proximity and rainfall on landslide occurrence.Each type of geological disaster exhibits distinct spatial patterns:landslides and debris flows are more likely to occur in areas with steep slopes and proximity to water bodies,while collapses tend to occur in exposed rock areas,influenced by local lithology.Evidently,the distribution of secondary geological hazards in the study area is primarily influenced by weak geological conditions,with seismic activity,vegetation,topography,and precipitation compounding the risk.Hazard zones are concentrated along the front of Lajishan,matching the VIII seismic intensity zone.The disaster sites are primarily located in valleys with dense fourth-level strata,confirming the consistency between the simulated and actual hazard zones.[Conclusion]To conclude,lithology was found to be the most significant factor influencing disaster formation,with a weight of 42%,followed by fault zones(26%).While precipitation had the least impact,contributing only 6%,it still played a role in increasing the risk of landslides and debris flows.The high-risk disaster areas correspond closely to the seismic intensity zone VIII,particularly around the earthquake epicenter,where the geological conditions are most conducive to these hazards.The distribution of secondary geological disasters in Jishishan is primarily controlled by the weak geological conditions of the region.Besides,compared to the Wenchuan earthquake,where disasters were concentrated along the hanging wall of reverse faults,the disaster sites in Jishishan were mainly located in the down-thrust areas of fault zones.Additionally,fewer disaster points were observed in aftershock zones,suggesting that the main shock alleviated a significant amount of tectonic stress,leading to regional stabilization.[Significance]This study highlights the relationship between geological factors and seismicity-induced secondary disasters in Jishishan,emphasizing the need for targeted monitoring and protective measures in areas with loose Quaternary deposits and steep slopes.The results provide valuable insight for disaster prevention strategies in Jishishan and other seismic regions with similar geological conditions. |
| Author | 黄婷 陆诗铭 吴中海 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081%中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081;自然资源部活动构造与地质安全重点实验室,北京 100081%中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081;北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京 100081 |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081%中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081;自然资源部活动构造与地质安全重点实验室,北京 100081%中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081;北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京 100081 |
| Author_FL | HUANG Ting LU Shiming WU Zhonghai |
| Author_FL_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: LU Shiming – sequence: 2 fullname: WU Zhonghai – sequence: 3 fullname: HUANG Ting |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 陆诗铭 – sequence: 2 fullname: 吴中海 – sequence: 3 fullname: 黄婷 |
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| DocumentTitle_FL | Characteristics of geological hazard development and disaster-inducing environment of the MS6.2 earthquake in Jishishan,Gansu Province |
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| Keywords | 泥流 spatial analysis 积石山地震 孕灾环境 disaster-prone environment mudflow landslide 滑坡 空间分析 Jishishan earthquake |
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| Publisher | 北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京 100081 自然资源部活动构造与地质安全重点实验室,北京 100081%中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081%中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081 |
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| Snippet | P546; 2023年 12月 18日甘肃省临夏州积石山县发生MS 6.2地震,此次地震诱发了崩塌、滑坡和泥流等一系列地质次生灾害,是近年来中国... |
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| Title | 甘肃积石山MS6.2地震地质灾害发育特征及孕灾环境分析 |
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