Biochemical markers of liver function test (ALT, AST, ALP) in thyroid dysfunction (Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism)

• Published in: Journal of biotech research Vol. 16; pp. 167 - 174
• Main Authors: Hasan, Alaa Hussein, Abdulzahra, Mohammed Alaa, Hashim, Adil Mohammed, Al-Mawlah, Yasir Haider
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Edmond Bio Tech System 01.01.2024
• Subjects: Alanine; Alanine transaminase; Alkaline phosphatase; Aspartate transaminase; Bilirubin; Biochemical markers; Enzymes; Hepatitis; Hepatocytes; Hormones; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Illnesses; Liver; Liver diseases; Metabolic rate; Metabolism; Patients; Phosphatase; Phosphate esters; Physiology; Reagents; Serum levels; Thyroid; Thyroid diseases; Thyroid gland; Thyroid hormones; Thyroid-stimulating hormone; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine
• ISSN: 1944-3285

Thyroid hormone synthesis is vital for all body organs to develop, grow, and function healthily. All cells, including hepatocytes, have these hormones that control their resting metabolic rates. Between both the thyroid and the liver, there are complicated interactions. When thyroid dysfunction is treated and thyroid hormones return to normal, the body's metabolism changes. This temporary shiftcan affect liver function, potentially influencing liver test results and making them appear abnormal even if the liver itself is healthy. Thyroid dysfunction can sometimes lead to abnormal liver function, but treatment may not always be necessary for the liver, depending on the specific cause and severity. This study was done to assess the relationship between serum enzymes of liver functions and direct bilirubin in thyroid disorders. 90 subjects including 38 healthy controls, 27 hyperthyroidism patients, and 25 hypothyroidism patients were quickly tested for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) using the calorimetric method and standard reagent kits. To measure the serum levels of T3, T4, and TSH, ELISA kits were employed. The results showed that serum AST, ALT, and ALP levels were 38, 50, and 150 U/L for hyperthyroid patient and 70, 78, and 110 U/L for hypothyroid patient compared to the control groups of 25, 28, and 95 U/L, respectively. On the other hand, serum T3, T4, and TSH were 3.2 ng/mL, 18.5 mg/dL, and 0.94 µIU/L for hyperthyroid patient. In a study comparing liver function in hypothyroid patients and healthy controls, AST, ALT, and ALP levels were 0.8, 4.9, and 25.7 U/L in the hypothyroid group compared to 1.1, 6.3, and 2.5 U/L in the control group. The findings of this study demonstrated that there was a correlation between the concentrations of ALP and AST in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients.