The Relation of Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Estrogen to Mandibular Alveolar Bone Resorption in Postmenopausal Women

• Published in: Journal of International Dental & Medical Research Vol. 10; no. 3; pp. 938 - 944
• Main Authors: Puspitadewi, Susi R, Wulandari, Pitu, Masulili, Sri Lelyati C, Auerkari, Elza I, Iskandar, Hanna Bachtiar, Yavuz, Izzet, Kusdhany, Lindawati S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Diyarbakir Ectodermal Dysplasia Group - Turkey 01.09.2017
• Subjects: Age; Alveolar bone; Apoptosis; Body mass index; Bone density; Bone resorption; Estrogens; Hormone replacement therapy; Mandible; Osteoporosis; Pituitary gland; Post-menopause; Radiography; Womens health
• ISSN: 1309-100X; 1309-100X

According to WHO (World Health Organization) data, a greater number of bone fractures occurred in women with osteoporosis due to the group itself represents nearly 50% of the total population at risk.3 Postmenopausal phase is a period that occurs after the last menstrual cycle within one year after menopause.4 This postmenopausal phase is accompanied by a decrease in ovarian estrogen secretion caused by depletion of oocytes and their follicles due to atresia.5 Postmenopausal conditions are considered as a cause of increased bone resorption in elderly women6. [...]when the estrogen levels decreased then nothing can inhibit the bone resorption process.17-20 The estrogen hormone plays an important role in the basic regulation of bone remodeling and therapeutic in women.21 Decreased estrogen will decrease the osteoitic matrix production, increased trabecular bone formation, and stimulating the bone resorption process and also increasing the bone turnover. [...]half the bone loss observed in women throughout their lifetime normally occurs during the first ten years of postmenopausal.21,34,35 The cause of residual ridge resorption can be multifactorial, that is as a result of a combination of anatomical, metabolic, and mechanical factors. Bone density is also affected by a variety of factors including the spontaneous elevated levels and activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-a), affecting bone remodeling process and excessive bone resorption, both local and systemic, as well as skeletal loads (bone mechanical load) that gives rise to mechanical stress, strain, or resultant tissue deformation that affect the bone tissue by bone formation on the periosteal surface thus strengthening the bone and decreasing bone turnover which reduces bone resorption.26,32,33,42 In postmenopausal, bone resorption increases when compared with bone apposition and ER-ß (estrogen receptor-ß) expression can increase the risk of osteoporosis and fracture in elderly women.9,42 The absence of a relationship between FSH and bone density may be due to examination was done are limited to the FSH and estrogen alone, whereas some other pituitary hormones besides FSH may also play a role in bone regulation such as TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) and prolactin. 43-45 The results of this study found no significant relationship between bone density and bone resorption in osteoporosis patients.