Risk factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in Mexico

• Published in: Gaceta médica de México Vol. 160; no. 1; pp. 9 - 16
• Main Authors: Fomina, Anna, Villa-Romero, Antonio, de la Torre, Guadalupe S García, Tirado, Laura Leticia, Wong-Chew, Rosa M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Mexico 2024
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cohort Studies; COVID-19 - epidemiology; COVID-19 - mortality; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Diabetes Mellitus - mortality; Female; Humans; Male; Mexico - epidemiology; Middle Aged; Obesity - complications; Obesity - epidemiology; Obesity - mortality; Proportional Hazards Models; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - mortality; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Young Adult; Mexico; COVID-19; Obesidad; Obesity; Enfermedad obstructiva crónica; Diabetes mellitus; Cardiovascular disease; Chronic kidney disease; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Enfermedad cardiovascular; Enfermedad renal crónica
• ISSN: 0016-3813
• DOI: 10.24875/GMM.M24000844

On December 31, 2019, one of the most serious pandemics in recent times made its appearance. Certain health conditions, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus, have been described to be related to COVID-19 unfavorable outcomes. To identify factors associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19. Retrospective cohort of 998,639 patients. Patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed, with survivors being compared with the deceased individuals. Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify variables predictive of COVID-19-associated mortality. Among the deceased patients, men accounted for 64.3%, and women, for 35.7%, with the difference being statistically significant. Subjects older than 80 years had a 13-fold higher risk of dying from COVID-19 (95% CI = 12,469, 13,586), while chronic kidney disease entailed a risk 1.5 times higher (95% CI = 1,341, 1,798), and diabetes mellitus involved a risk 1.25 times higher (95% CI = 1.238,1.276). Age, sex, diabetes mellitus and obesity were found to be predictors of COVID-19 mortality. Further research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular diseases, smoking and pregnancy is suggested.