Sensory cilia act as a specialized venue for regulated EV biogenesis and signaling

Abstract Extracellular vesicles play major roles in intercellular signaling, yet fundamental aspects of their biology remain poorly understood. Ciliary EV shedding is evolutionary conserved. Here we use super resolution, real time imaging of fluorescent-protein tagged EV cargo combined with in vivo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inbioRxiv
Main Authors Wang, Juan, Nikonorova, Inna A, Malan Silva, Walsh, Jonathon D, Tilton, Peter, Gu, Amanda, Barr, Maureen M
Format Paper
LanguageEnglish
Published Cold Spring Harbor Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 04.02.2021
Subjects
Biosynthesis
Cilia
Evolutionary conservation
Green fluorescent protein
Hermaphrodites
Kinesin
Polycystin-2
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Summary:Abstract Extracellular vesicles play major roles in intercellular signaling, yet fundamental aspects of their biology remain poorly understood. Ciliary EV shedding is evolutionary conserved. Here we use super resolution, real time imaging of fluorescent-protein tagged EV cargo combined with in vivo bioassays to study signaling EVs in C. elegans. We find that neuronal sensory cilia shed the TRP polycystin-2 channel PKD-2::GFP-carrying EVs from two distinct sites - the ciliary tip and the ciliary base. Ciliary tip shedding requires distal ciliary enrichment of PKD-2 by the myristoylated coiled-coil protein CIL-7. Kinesin-3 KLP-6 and intraflagellar transport (IFT) kinesin-2 motors are also required for ciliary tip EV shedding. Blocking ciliary tip shedding results in excessive EV shedding from the base. Finally, we demonstrate that C. elegans male ciliated neurons modulate EV cargo composition in response to sensory stimulation by hermaphrodite mating partners. Overall, our study indicates that the cilium and its trafficking machinery act as a specialized venue for regulated EV biogenesis and signaling. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
DOI:10.1101/2021.02.04.429799