Non-Invasive Skin Sampling Detects Systemically Administered Drugs in Humans

Clinical testing typically relies on invasive blood draws and biopsies. Alternative methods of sample collection are continually being developed to improve patient experience; swabbing the skin is one of the least invasive sampling methods possible. To show that skin swabs in combination with untarg...

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Published inbioRxiv
Main Authors Morgan Panitchpakdi, Weldon, Kelly C, Jarmusch, Alan K, Gentry, Emily C, Choi, Arianna, Sepulveda, Yadira, Aguirre, Shaden, Sun, Kunyang, Momper, Jeremiah D, Dorrestein, Pieter C, Tsunoda, Shirley M
Format Paper
LanguageEnglish
Published Cold Spring Harbor Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 25.11.2021
Subjects
Advisors
Biopsy
Diphenhydramine
Mass spectroscopy
Metabolites
Metabolomics
Oral administration
Plasma levels
Sampling
Skin
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Summary:Clinical testing typically relies on invasive blood draws and biopsies. Alternative methods of sample collection are continually being developed to improve patient experience; swabbing the skin is one of the least invasive sampling methods possible. To show that skin swabs in combination with untargeted mass spectrometry (metabolomics) can be used for non-invasive monitoring of an oral drug, we report the kinetics and metabolism of diphenhydramine in healthy volunteers (n=10) over the course of 24 hours in blood and three regions of the skin. Diphenhydramine and its metabolites were observed on the skin after peak plasma levels, varying by compound and skin location, and is an illustrative example of how systemically administered molecules can be detected on the skin surface. The observation of diphenhydramine directly from the skin supports the hypothesis that both parent drug and metabolites can be qualitatively measured from a simple non-invasive swab of the skin surface. The mechanism of the drug and metabolites pathway to the skin surface remains unknown. Competing Interest Statement P.C.D is a scientific advisor to Sirenas, Galileo and Cybele and co-founder and scientific advisor to Ometa Labs and Enveda with approval by the University of California San Diego. M.P. is a research consultant to Ometa Labs. Footnotes * https://gnps.ucsd.edu/ProteoSAFe/status.jsp?task=deee382b163f4441afea5fda4b2a2bcf * https://gnps.ucsd.edu/ProteoSAFe/status.jsp?task=deee382b163f4441afea5fda4b2a2bcf * https://gnps.ucsd.edu/ProteoSAFe/gnpslibraryspectrum.jsp?SpectrumID=CCMSLIB00005877199#%7B%7D
DOI:10.1101/2021.11.22.469638