Allosteric HSP70 inhibitors perturb mitochondrial proteostasis and overcome proteasome inhibitor resistance in multiple myeloma

Proteasome inhibitor (PI) resistance remains a central challenge in multiple myeloma. To identify pathways mediating resistance, we first map proteasome-associated genetic co- dependencies. We identify cytosolic heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) chaperones as potential targets, consistent with proposed...

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Published inbioRxiv
Main Authors Ferguson, Ian D, Lin, Yu-Hsiu T, Lam, Christine, Shao, Hao, Hale, Martina, Tharp, Kevin M, Mariano, Margarette C, Steri, Veronica, Wang, Donghui, Phojanokong, Paul, Tuomivaara, Sami T, Hann, Byron, Driessen, Christoph, Brian Van Ness, Gestwicki, Jason E, Wiita, Arun P
Format Paper
LanguageEnglish
Published Cold Spring Harbor Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 23.04.2020
Subjects
Allosteric properties
Chaperones
Heat shock proteins
Hsp70 protein
Hsp90 protein
Intelligence
Mitochondria
Multiple myeloma
Proteasome inhibitors
Proteomics
Tumor cells
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Summary:Proteasome inhibitor (PI) resistance remains a central challenge in multiple myeloma. To identify pathways mediating resistance, we first map proteasome-associated genetic co- dependencies. We identify cytosolic heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) chaperones as potential targets, consistent with proposed mechanisms of myeloma tumor cells overcoming PI-induced stress. These results lead us to explore allosteric HSP70 inhibitors (JG compounds) as myeloma therapeutics. We show these compounds exhibit increased efficacy against acquired and intrinsic PI-resistant myeloma models, unlike HSP90 inhibition. Surprisingly, shotgun and pulsed-SILAC proteomics reveal that JGs overcome PI resistance not via the expected mechanism of inhibiting cytosolic HSP70s, but instead through mitochondrial-localized HSP70, HSPA9, destabilizing the 55S mitoribosome. Analysis of myeloma patient data further supports strong effects of global proteostasis capacity, and particularly HSPA9 expression, on PI response. Our results characterize dynamics of myeloma proteostasis networks under therapeutic pressure while motivating further investigation of HSPA9 as a specific vulnerability in PI-resistant disease. Competing Interest Statement J.E.G. and H.S. have filed a patent related to the structures of the JG compounds. A.P.W is an equity holder and scientific advisory board member of Indapta Therapeutics and Protocol Intelligence. The other authors declare no relevant conflicts of interest.
DOI:10.1101/2020.04.21.052456