Structure and immune recognition of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus is an alphacoronavirus responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in pigs. A key determinant of viral tropism and entry, the PEDV spike protein is a key target for the host antibody response and a good candidate for a protein-based vaccine immunogen. We used...

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Published inbioRxiv
Main Authors Kirchdoerfer, Robert, Bhandari, Mahesh, Martini, Olnita, Sewell, Leigh M, Bangaru, Sandhya, Kyoung-Jin, Yoon, Ward, Andrew
Format Paper
LanguageEnglish
Published Cold Spring Harbor Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 19.02.2020
Subjects
Antibody response
Coronaviruses
Diarrhea
Electron microscopy
Epidemics
Epitopes
Interfaces
Morbidity
Palmitoleic acid
Polyclonal antibodies
Proteins
Spike protein
Transmissible gastroenteritis
Tropism
Viral infections
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Summary:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus is an alphacoronavirus responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in pigs. A key determinant of viral tropism and entry, the PEDV spike protein is a key target for the host antibody response and a good candidate for a protein-based vaccine immunogen. We used electron microscopy to evaluate the PEDV spike structure, as well as pig polyclonal antibody responses to viral infection. The structure of the PEDV spike reveals a configuration similar to that of HuCoV-NL63. Several PEDV protein-protein interfaces are mediated by non-protein components including a glycan at Asn264 and two bound palmitoleic acid molecules. The polyclonal antibody response to PEDV infection shows a dominance of epitopes in the S1 region. This structural and immune characterization provides new insights into coronavirus spike stability determinants and explores the immune landscape of viral spike proteins. Footnotes * https://www.rcsb.org
DOI:10.1101/2020.02.18.955195