High super(36)Cl/Cl ratios in Chernobyl groundwater

• Published in: Journal of environmental radioactivity Vol. 138; pp. 19 - 32
• Main Authors: Roux, Celine, Le Gal La Salle, Corinne, Simonucci, Caroline, Van Meir, Nathalie, Fifield, LKeith, Diez, Olivier, Bassot, Sylvain, Simler, Roland, Bugai, Dmitri, Kashparov, Valery, Lancelot, Joel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.12.2014
• Subjects: Contamination; Decay; Explosions; Groundwater; Plumes; Soil (material); Soil contamination; Tracers; Trenches; Ukraine, Chernobyl
• ISSN: 0265-931X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.07.008

After the explosion of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in April 1986, contaminated material was buried in shallow trenches within the exclusion zone. A super(90)Sr plume was evidenced downgradient of one of these trenches, trench T22. Due to its conservative properties, super(36)Cl is investigated here as a potential tracer to determine the maximal extent of the contamination plume from the trench in groundwater. super(36)Cl/Cl ratios measured in groundwater, trench soil water and leaf leachates are 1-5 orders of magnitude higher than the theoretical natural super(36)Cl/Cl ratio. This contamination occurred after the Chernobyl explosion and currently persists. Trench T22 acts as an obvious modern point source of super(36)Cl, however other sources have to be involved to explain such contamination. super(36)Cl contamination of groundwater can be explained by dilution of trench soil water by uncontaminated water (rainwater or deep groundwater). With a plume extending further than that of super(90)Sr, radionuclide which is impacted by retention and decay processes, super(36)Cl can be considered as a suitable tracer of contamination from the trench in groundwater provided that modern release processes of super(36)Cl from trench soil are better characterized.