Purkinje cell number-correlated cerebrocerebellar circuit anomaly in the valproate model of autism

While cerebellar alterations may play a crucial role in the development of core autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms, their pathophysiology on the function of cerebrocerebellar circuit loops is largely unknown. We combined multimodal MRI (9.4 T) brain assessment of the prenatal rat valproate (VPA...

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Published inbioRxiv
Main Authors Spisak, Tamas, Roman, Viktor, Papp, Edit, Kedves, Rita, Saghy, Katalin, Csolle, Cecilia Katalin, Varga, Anita, Gajari, David, Nyitrai, Gabriella Eva, Spisak, Zsofia, Zsigmond, Tamas Kincses, Levay, Gyorgy, Lendvai, Balazs, Czurko, Andras
Format Paper
LanguageEnglish
Published Cold Spring Harbor Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 03.10.2018
Subjects
Autism
Brain mapping
Brain stem
Cell number
Cerebellum
Cortex
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Information processing
Purkinje cells
Substantia grisea
Valproic acid
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Summary:While cerebellar alterations may play a crucial role in the development of core autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms, their pathophysiology on the function of cerebrocerebellar circuit loops is largely unknown. We combined multimodal MRI (9.4 T) brain assessment of the prenatal rat valproate (VPA) model and correlated immunohistological analysis of the cerebellar Purkinje cell number to address this question. We hypothesized that a suitable functional MRI (fMRI) paradigm might show some altered activity related to disrupted cerebrocerebellar information processing. Two doses of maternal VPA (400 and 600 mg/kg, s.c.) were used, and while the higher VPA dose induced a global decrease in whole brain volume, the lower dose induced a focal gray matter density decrease in the cerebellum and brainstem. Increased cortical BOLD responses to whisker stimulation were detected in both VPA groups, but it was more pronounced and extended to cerebellar regions in the 400 mg/kg VPA group. Immunohistological analysis revealed a decreased number of Purkinje cells in both VPA groups. In a detailed analysis, we revealed that the Purkinje cell number interacts with the cerebral BOLD response distinctively in the two VPA groups that highlights atypical function of the cerebrocerebellar circuit loops with potential translational value as an ASD biomarker.
DOI:10.1101/434217