Energy restriction with protein restriction increases basal metabolism and meal-induced thermogenesis in rats

We previously observed an increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity that was partly responsible for a defect in the insulin secretion response to glucose after postweaning protein-energy restriction (PER) in female rats. These results, together with other data on low-protein feeding, sugge...

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Published inAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology Vol. 53; no. 3; pp. R751 - R759
Main Authors EVEN, Patrick C, BERTIN, Eric, GANGNERAU, Marie-Noelle, ROSEAU, Suzanne, TOME, Daniel, PORTHA, Bernard
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Bethesda, MD American Physiological Society 01.03.2003
Subjects
Biological and medical sciences
Energy
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Metabolism
Proteins
Rodents
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Pancreatic hormone
Energy metabolism
Feeding behavior
White adipose tissue
Rat
Body temperature
Rodentia
Brown adipose tissue
Sympathetic nervous system
Insulin
Protein
Feeding
Vertebrata
Mammalia
Thermogenesis
Food intake
Energetic cost
spontaneous activity
Triiodothyronine
Malnutrition
Restricted diet
indirect calorimetry
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Summary:We previously observed an increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity that was partly responsible for a defect in the insulin secretion response to glucose after postweaning protein-energy restriction (PER) in female rats. These results, together with other data on low-protein feeding, suggested that a low protein-to-energy ratio (P/E) in the diet could stimulate energy expenditure (EE), but direct measurements of EE have never been reported under conditions of PER. The goal of the present study was thus to quantify the changes induced by PER to body composition, the various parameters of EE, and plasma triiodothyronine levels. PER induced severe growth retardation, but the subcutaneous white and interscapular brown adipose tissue masses were preserved. Basal metabolism, meal-induced thermogenesis, and triiodothyronine levels were increased, but substrate utilization by the working muscles was unaffected. Meal-induced thermogenesis was increased by spontaneous activity in PER rats only. These results suggest that rats adapt to a low P/E in the diet by burning part of their excess nonprotein energy and storing the remaining excess in subcutaneous adipose tissue.
ISSN:0363-6119
1522-1490