Replication protein A as a major eukaryotic single-stranded DNA-binding protein and its role in DNA repair

Replication protein A (RPA) is a key regulator of eukaryotic DNA metabolism. RPA is a highly conserved heterotrimeric protein and contains multiple oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding folds. The major RPA function is binding to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) intermediates forming in DNA replication...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inMolekuliarnaia biologiia Vol. 50; no. 5; p. 735
Main Authors Krasikova, Y S, Rechkunova, N I, Lavrik, O I
Format Journal Article
LanguageRussian
Published Russia (Federation) 01.09.2016
Subjects
Animals
DNA Repair - physiology
DNA Replication - physiology
DNA, Single-Stranded - genetics
DNA, Single-Stranded - metabolism
Eukaryotic Cells - metabolism
Humans
Replication Protein A - genetics
Replication Protein A - metabolism
replication protein A
DNA repair
DNA replication
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Summary:Replication protein A (RPA) is a key regulator of eukaryotic DNA metabolism. RPA is a highly conserved heterotrimeric protein and contains multiple oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding folds. The major RPA function is binding to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) intermediates forming in DNA replication, repair, and recombination. Although binding ssDNA with high affinity, RPA can rapidly diffuse along ssDNA and destabilizes the DNA secondary structure. A highly dynamic RPA binding to ssDNA allows other proteins to access ssDNA and to displace RPA from the RPA-ssDNA complex. As has been shown recently, RPA in complex with ssDNA is posttranslationally modified in response to DNA damage. These modifications modulate the RPA interactions with its protein partners and control the DNA damage signaling pathways. The review considers up-to-date data on the RPA function as an active coordinator of ssDNA intermediate processing within DNA metabolic pathways, DNA repair in particular.
ISSN:0026-8984