Hypertension and pregnancy in Lome (sub-Saharan Africa): epidemiology, diagnosis and risk factors

• Published in: Annales de cardiologie et d'angeiologie Vol. 63; no. 3; p. 145
• Main Authors: Baragou, S, Goeh-Akue, E, Pio, M, Afassinou, Y M, Atta, B
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: French
• Published: France 01.06.2014
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Africa South of the Sahara - epidemiology; Age Distribution; Body Mass Index; Female; Hospitals, Teaching; Humans; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced - diagnosis; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced - epidemiology; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced - etiology; Obesity - epidemiology; Parity; Poverty - statistics & numerical data; Pre-Eclampsia - diagnosis; Pre-Eclampsia - epidemiology; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Stress, Psychological - epidemiology; Africa South of the Sahara; Hypertension; Pregnancy; Grossesse; Afrique sub-saharienne; Togo; Hypertension artérielle; Sub-Saharan Africa
• ISSN: 1768-3181
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2014.05.006

Describe the epidemiology, diagnosis and risk factors of hypertension in pregnant women in Lome. It was a prospective, descriptive and comparative study during 12 months (October 1st, 2011 to September 31st, 2012) on 200 cases of hypertension among 1620 pregnant women, in the department of gynecology and obstetrics at the Tokoin teaching hospital of Lome. We had 200 cases of hypertension on 1620 pregnant women. The prevalence of hypertension in pregnant women in Lome was 12.3%. The average age of pregnant women was 30±7 years, with extremes of 15 and 44 years. Hypertension was more common (50%) in ages of 30-39 years. The society the most represented were housewives (33.33%), civil servants (16.67%) and traders (16.66%). Hypertension was found incidentally or during a complication especially during the third trimester of pregnancy. Preeclampsia (44%) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (33%) were the most represented. The main risk factors where primiparity (especially older primipars >30ans), nulliparity, familial history of hypertension, low economic level, history of pregnancy-induced hypertension, age >30 years, twinning, obesity and stress. Hypertension in pregnancy is frequent in Lome. A regular follow-up before and after delivery is important according to fetal and maternal complications, and the risk of heart and kidney disease at mild and long outcome.