Validation of ELISA methods for quantification of total tau and phosporylated-tau181 in human cerebrospinal fluid with measurement in specimens from two Alzheimer's disease studies

• Published in: Journal of Alzheimer's disease Vol. 26; no. 3; pp. 531 - 541
• Main Authors: Lachno, D Richard, Romeo, Martin J, Siemers, Eric R, Vanderstichele, Hugo, Coart, Els, Konrad, Robert J, Zajac, Joseph J, Talbot, Jayne A, Jensen, Hans F, Sethuraman, Gopalan, Demattos, Ronald B, May, Patrick C, Dean, Robert A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands 2011
• Subjects: Aged; Alanine - analogs & derivatives; Alanine - therapeutic use; Alzheimer Disease - cerebrospinal fluid; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases - antagonists & inhibitors; Antibodies, Monoclonal - chemistry; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - therapeutic use; Azepines - therapeutic use; Calibration; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic - methods; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Phosphorylation; Protease Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Reproducibility of Results; Specimen Handling; tau Proteins - cerebrospinal fluid
• ISSN: 1875-8908
• DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2011-110296

Tau measurements in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are gaining acceptance as aids to diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and differentiation from other dementias. Two ELISA assays, the INNOTEST® hTAU Ag and the INNOTEST® PHOSPHO-TAU(181P) for quantification of t-tau and p-tau181 respectively, have been validated to regulatory standards. Validation parameters were determined by repeated testing of human CSF pools. Specimens from Phase 2 studies of the γ-secretase inhibitor semagacestat and the therapeutic antibody solanezumab at baseline and following 12-14 weeks of treatment were also tested. Estimated intra-assay CV for repeated testing of 3 CSF pools were ≤11.5% and RE varied between -14.1% and +6.4%. Inter-assay CV for t-tau was <5% and RE was within ±8%. For p-tau181, inter-assay CV was <9% and RE was within ±2.5%. Total CV (intra-assay plus inter-assay) were below 10% for both analytes. Up to 20-fold dilutional linearity was demonstrated for both analytes. Stability of t-tau and p-tau181 was demonstrated in CSF during five freeze-thaw cycles at ≤-20 °C and ≤-70 °C and at 18-22 °C for up to 24 h. Neither semagacestat nor solanezumab interfered with either assay. Inter-individual t-tau and p-tau181 concentrations were highly variable but intra-individual variations were small. These assays are suitable for analysis of CSF t-tau and p-tau181 in a single laboratory supporting multi-center AD clinical trials. No effect of treatment with semagacestat or solanezumab was observed in response to three months of drug administration.