Specific disorders in the language development: neurobiological basis

Studies of twins, familial aggregates and particular phenotypic conditions have shown an inherited basis for some dysphasias or specific developmental language impairments (SLI). This predisposition is usually multifactorial but the analysis of some families allows to postulate an autosomal dominant...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inRevista de neurologiá Vol. 28 Suppl 2; pp. S105 - S109
Main Authors Narbona-García, J, Schlumberger, E
Format Journal Article
LanguageSpanish
Published Spain 01.02.1999
Subjects
Aphasia - diagnosis
Aphasia - physiopathology
Brain - physiopathology
Child
Child, Preschool
Epilepsy - complications
Functional Laterality - physiology
Humans
Language Development Disorders - diagnosis
Language Development Disorders - etiology
Language Development Disorders - physiopathology
Speech Perception - physiology
Time Perception - physiology
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Summary:Studies of twins, familial aggregates and particular phenotypic conditions have shown an inherited basis for some dysphasias or specific developmental language impairments (SLI). This predisposition is usually multifactorial but the analysis of some families allows to postulate an autosomal dominant transmission of deficits in specific modular aspects of linguistic competences. Moreover, neuroimaging studies have shown modifications of normal volumetric interhemispheric asymmetries, and in group of SLI with receptive prominent disorder coexist epileptiform activity in wakefulness and non-REM sleep EEG; in some of these cases, antiepileptic drugs, specially steroids, can significantly ameliorate the language processing. As many patients with SLI have a difficulty for discrimination of subtle temporal indices, a hypothesis can also be made of a dysfunction in various subcortical structures (thalamus, basal ganglia, cerebellum) modulating the cerebral cortex in phonological processing.
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ISSN:0210-0010