When chromosomal dynamics control cell division

In most tumor cells a chromosomal instability leads to an abnormal chromosome number (aneuploidy). The mitotic checkpoint is essential for ensuring accurate chromosome segregation by allowing mitotic delay in response to a spindle defect. This checkpoint delays the onset of anaphase until all the ch...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inPathologie biologie (Paris) Vol. 49; no. 8; pp. 649 - 654
Main Authors Peter, M, Magnaghi-Jaulin, L, Castro, A, Brassac, T, Dulic, V, Galas, S, Labbé, J C, Lorca, T
Format Journal Article
LanguageFrench
Published France 01.10.2001
Subjects
Aneuploidy
Animals
Cell Division
Chromosome Segregation
Chromosomes - physiology
Humans
Kinetochores
Mitosis
Neoplasms - genetics
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics
Spindle Apparatus
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Summary:In most tumor cells a chromosomal instability leads to an abnormal chromosome number (aneuploidy). The mitotic checkpoint is essential for ensuring accurate chromosome segregation by allowing mitotic delay in response to a spindle defect. This checkpoint delays the onset of anaphase until all the chromosomes are correctly aligned on the mitotic spindle. When unattached kinetochores are present, the metaphase/anaphase transition is not allowed and the time available for chromosome-microtubule capture increases. Genes required for this delay were first identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (the MAD, BUB and MPS1 genes) and subsequently, homologs have been identified in higher eucaryotes showing that the spindle checkpoint pathway is highly conserved. The checkpoint functions by preventing an ubiquitin ligase called the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC) from ubiquitinylating proteins whose destruction is required for anaphase onset.
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ISSN:0369-8114