Materno-fetal dengue. Apropos of 5 cases observed during the epidemic in Tahiti (1989)

• Published in: Bulletin de la Societe de pathologie exotique (1990) Vol. 84; no. 5 Pt 5; pp. 513 - 521
• Main Authors: Poli, L, Chungue, E, Soulignac, O, Gestas, P, Kuo, P, Papouin-Rauzy, M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: French
• Published: France 1991
• Subjects: Dengue - diagnosis; Dengue - epidemiology; Dengue - transmission; Dengue Virus - isolation & purification; Disease Outbreaks; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fever; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Hepatomegaly; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Platelet Count; Polynesia - epidemiology; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - diagnosis; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - epidemiology; Polynesia
• ISSN: 0037-9085

During the dengue 3 epidemic which occurred in French Polynesia between September 1989 and March 1990, number of cases of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) were reported among children and infants. Of interest, five cases of neonatal infections were recorded and involved the transmission of the virus from mother to child as the end of the pregnancy. Detailed observations on these cases are presented in this paper. Fever in mother, when delivering or just a few days before, represents the circumstances of the diagnosis. Analysis of the clinical features shows that fever and vasomotor troubles (blotches) were the dominating traits of the disease in the newborns. Also, hepatomegaly was constantly observed. Concerning the biological results, thrombopenia (platelets count: 100,000/mm3) was reported for all cases. According to these data, all cases were classified into DHF cases. Laboratory confirmation was obtained by serological investigations (antidengue IgM immunocapture ELISA and Haemagglutination Inhibition Tests) and/or virus isolation in both mother and child. Thus, virus was recovered in two newborns while IgM were detected in all infants and in four mothers. Severity of the disease was variable. However, out of five cases one fulfills the WHO definition of Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSC). Moreover, the authors discuss about the difficulties encountered to classify the cases according to WHO criteria for the grade classification of DHF.