Evidence-based practice : extending the search to find material for the systematic review

• Published in: Bulletin of the Medical Library Association Vol. 89; no. 4; pp. 346 - 352
• Main Authors: HELMER, Diane, SAVOIE, Isabelle, GREEN, Carolyn, KAZANJIAN, Arminée
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL Medical Library Association 01.10.2001
• Subjects: Databases, Bibliographic; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Evidence based medicine; Exact sciences and technology; Humans; Information and communication sciences; Information processing and retrieval; Information retrieval. Man machine relationship; Information science. Documentation; Internet; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Online information retrieval; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Research process. Evaluation; Sciences and techniques of general use; Searching; Systematic reviews; Systematic Reviews as Topic; United States; United States; Performance evaluation; Medicine; Search strategy; Report; Biomedical information; Controlled therapeutic trial; Information retrieval; Bibliographic database; Evidence-based medicine
• ISSN: 0025-7338

Cochrane-style systematic reviews increasingly require the participation of librarians. Guidelines on the appropriate search strategy to use for systematic reviews have been proposed. However, research evidence supporting these recommendations is limited. This study investigates the effectiveness of various systematic search methods used to uncover randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for systematic reviews. Effectiveness is defined as the proportion of relevant material uncovered for the systematic review using extended systematic review search methods. The following extended systematic search methods are evaluated: searching subject-specific or specialized databases (including trial registries), hand searching, scanning reference lists, and communicating personally. Two systematic review projects were prospectively monitored regarding the method used to identify items as well as the type of items retrieved. The proportion of RCTs identified by each systematic search method was calculated. The extended systematic search methods uncovered 29.2% of all items retrieved for the systematic reviews. The search of specialized databases was the most effective method, followed by scanning of reference lists, communicating personally, and hand searching. Although the number of items identified through hand searching was small, these unique items would otherwise have been missed. Extended systematic search methods are effective tools for uncovering material for the systematic review. The quality of the items uncovered has yet to be assessed and will be key in evaluating the value of the systematic search methods.