Updating the management of salvageable splenic injury

Because of the ready availability of autotransfusers and risk of transfusion-transmitted disease, the authors reexamined the management of splenic trauma. During the past 6 months, 20 adult and pediatric patients were treated for blunt splenic trauma. Nine had "minor" lacerations and were...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAnnals of surgery Vol. 215; no. 3; pp. 261 - 265
Main Authors WHITTE, C. L, ESSER, M. J, RAPPAPORT, W. D
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Hagerstown, MD Lippincott 01.03.1992
Subjects
Adolescent
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Transfusion, Autologous
Child
Female
Humans
Injuries of the abdomen. Foreign bodies of the digestive system
Male
Medical sciences
Methods
Middle Aged
Spleen - injuries
Spleen - pathology
Spleen - surgery
Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents
Wounds, Nonpenetrating - surgery
Human
Spleen
Digestive diseases
Treatment
Trauma
Splenic disease
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Summary:Because of the ready availability of autotransfusers and risk of transfusion-transmitted disease, the authors reexamined the management of splenic trauma. During the past 6 months, 20 adult and pediatric patients were treated for blunt splenic trauma. Nine had "minor" lacerations and were successfully managed nonoperatively. Eleven had ongoing hemorrhage or associated visceral injury necessitating laparotomy. In two, coexistent injuries were life threatening and total splenectomy was performed. The other nine had major splenic trauma that was either an isolated phenomenon or was associated with an injury not jeopardizing survival; eight spleens were salvaged. Mean intra-abdominal blood loss was approximately 1250 mL and, using a "cell saver," an average of approximately 790 mL was reinfused. Six received no other blood transfusion whereas three received 2250 mL homologous blood in addition to 4250 mL via the "cell-saver." With hilar laceration, repair was facilitated by temporarily occluding the splenic pedicle atraumatically, and suturing torn polar branches via the laceration site. In both children and adults with major splenic injury, the authors now recommend early laparotomy with reinfusion of autologous blood. The spleen or a large remnant can usually be salvaged, and homologous blood transfusion with its attendant complication can often be obviated altogether.
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ISSN:0003-4932
1528-1140