Nanomaterials-modified reverse osmosis membranes: a comprehensive review
Because of its great efficiency and widespread application, reverse osmosis (RO) is a popular tool for water desalination and purification. However, traditional RO membranes have a short lifespan due to membrane fouling, deterioration, decreased salt rejection rate, and the low water flux with aging...
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| Published in | RSC advances Vol. 14; no. 27; pp. 18879 - 1896 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Royal Society of Chemistry
12.06.2024
The Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Because of its great efficiency and widespread application, reverse osmosis (RO) is a popular tool for water desalination and purification. However, traditional RO membranes have a short lifespan due to membrane fouling, deterioration, decreased salt rejection rate, and the low water flux with aging. As a result, membrane modification has received a lot of attention recently, with nanomaterials being extensively researched to improve membrane efficacy and lifespan. Herein, we present an in-depth analysis of recent advances of RO membranes modification utilizing nanomaterials. An overview of the various nanomaterials used for membrane modification, including metal oxides, zeolites, and carbon nanomaterials, is provided. The synthesis techniques and methods of integrating these nanomaterials into RO membranes are also discussed. The impacts of nanomaterial change on the performance of RO membranes are addressed. The underlying mechanisms responsible for RO membrane enhancements by nanomaterials, such as improved surface hydrophilicity, reduced membrane fouling
via
surface repulsion and anti-adhesion properties, and enhanced structural stability, are discussed. Furthermore, the review provides a critical analysis of the challenges and limitations associated with the use of nanomaterials to modify RO membranes. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the modification of RO membranes with nanomaterials, providing a full grasp of the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of this challenging topic.
Because of its great efficiency and widespread application, reverse osmosis (RO) is a popular tool for water desalination and purification. |
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| Bibliography: | Safwat A. Mahmoud is a professor of experimental solid-state physics, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Egypt. Currently, he is a professor of Physics, College of Science, Northern Border University, Saudi Arabia. He earned his M.Sc. degree in 1987, Ph.D. degree in 1992. He has been actively engaged in research for the past 35 years and his current research interests include nanomaterials, nanotechnology, solid state physics, thin film technology, material science, water treatment and optical sensors. Mahmoud Adel Ahmed earned his PhD degree in 2024. He has been actively engaged in research for the past eight years and his research focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and environmental applications of nanomaterials and their composites in water treatment and remediation. He has authored several reviews and book chapters on these topics. He also serves as a senior service engineer at Veolia Environmental Services, managing various sectors like reverse osmosis, boilers, cooling towers, and wastewater plants. Ashraf A. Mohamed is a professor of environmental analytical chemistry, at the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. He earned his MSc degree in 1991 and his PhD degree in 1995. He has been actively engaged in research for the past 35 years and his current research interests include analytical chemistry, nanomaterials, layered double hydroxides, molecularly imprinted polymers, water treatment and analysis, optical sensors, and paper microfluidics. He has authored several reviews and book chapters on these topics. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 |
| ISSN: | 2046-2069 2046-2069 |
| DOI: | 10.1039/d4ra01796j |