Abnormal glucose levels found in transportation accidents

The Federal Aviation Administration's Office of Aerospace Medicine is responsible for the certification of pilots with diabetic conditions. The present study evaluated the use of postmortem vitreous humor and urine glucose levels in transportation accident fatalities as indicators of potentiall...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAviation, space, and environmental medicine Vol. 72; no. 9; p. 813
Main Authors Canfield, D V, Chaturvedi, A K, Boren, H K, Veronneau, S J, White, V L
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.09.2001
Subjects
Accidents, Aviation
Aerospace Medicine
Aviation - standards
Certification
Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism
Glucose - analysis
Glycosuria
Humans
Hyperglycemia - diagnosis
Hyperglycemia - urine
Postmortem Changes
Vitreous Body - chemistry
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Summary:The Federal Aviation Administration's Office of Aerospace Medicine is responsible for the certification of pilots with diabetic conditions. The present study evaluated the use of postmortem vitreous humor and urine glucose levels in transportation accident fatalities as indicators of potentially incapacitating medical conditions or performance impairment. Vitreous humor and/or urine from 192 accident fatalities were analyzed for glucose using a hexokinase method. Cases with values below the lower limit of detection (10 mg x dl(-1)) and above 3 standard deviations (SD) from the mean were not included in the final statistics. All cases more than 5 SD above the mean were deemed abnormal and a full case history was evaluated based on the available medical history. The mean vitreous humor glucose concentration was 30+/-21 mg x dl(-1) (N=98), while it was 27+/-16 mg x dl(-1) in urine (N=127). Of the 192 cases, 9 were identified as having abnormal glucose levels. Abnormal glucose levels were found in 5 of the 8 cases with a known diabetic condition. Glycosuria or low renal threshold was reported in 2 fatal pilots; 1 of these pilots had an abnormal glucose level. Hyperglycemia can be established from the vitreous humor and urine glucose levels. All of the abnormal glucose cases detected were previously identified during the medical certification process or had a medical reason for the abnormal level. Elevated vitreous humor and urine glucose levels have proven useful in identifying individuals with a pre-existing diabetic condition that might have been a factor in the accident.
ISSN:0095-6562