Campath-1G impairs human natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity

• Published in: Bone marrow transplantation (Basingstoke) Vol. 18; no. 4; pp. 713 - 720
• Main Authors: CONDIOTTI, R, NAGLER, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basingstoke Nature Publishing Group 01.10.1996
• Subjects: Alemtuzumab; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal - pharmacology; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Neoplasm; Biological and medical sciences; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Bone marrow, stem cells transplantation. Graft versus host reaction; CD3 Complex - metabolism; CD56 Antigen - metabolism; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Graft vs Host Disease - prevention & control; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents - pharmacology; In Vitro Techniques; Interleukin-2 - pharmacology; Killer Cells, Natural - immunology; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocyte Depletion; Medical sciences; Rats; Receptors, IgG - metabolism; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Transfusions. Complications. Transfusion reactions. Cell and gene therapy; Transplantation Conditioning; Transplantation, Homologous; Human; Transfusion; Carcinoma; Stem cell; Hematopoietic cell; Homograft; Cytotoxicity; Malignant hemopathy; Malignant tumor; Monoclonal antibody; Large granular lymphocyte; In vitro; Blood; Colonic disease; Natural killer cell; Myeloproliferative syndrome; Chronic; Chronic myelocytic leukemia; Established cell line; Digestive diseases; Intestinal disease; Graft; Colon; Lymphocyte
• ISSN: 0268-3369; 1476-5365

Campath-1 is a rat anti-human (CDw52) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) which is currently used for T cell depletion of allogeneic bone marrow and more recently peripheral blood stem cells prior to transplantation to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In addition, in vivo Campath-1 is presently administered for the purpose of achieving increased immunosuppression during pre-transplant conditioning to aid in the prevention of graft rejection following T cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect is an immunological effect that is of importance in controlling minimal residual disease (MRD) and reinducing remission post-BMT. It is thought that large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) and natural killer (NK) cells play a role in GVL. However, no data are available on the GVL effect post-Campath-mediated T cell-depleted allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (alloPBSCT). In the present work, we assessed the effect of Campath-1G on the cytotoxic and proliferative capabilites of peripheral blood derived LGLs and NK cells. Campath-1G significantly inhibited binding of LGLs to tumor cells as well as resting and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-activated LGL and NK cell cytotoxic capabilites, which may be of clinical importance.