Drought stress increased survival and development of emerald ash borer larvae on coevolved Manchurian ash and implicates phloem‐based traits in resistance

Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, EAB) is causing widespread ash (Fraxinus spp.) mortality as it invades North America and Eastern Europe. Resistance of its coevolved hosts, including Manchurian ash (Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.), is considered to limit EAB outbreaks and ash mortality...

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Published inAgricultural and forest entomology Vol. 20; no. 2; pp. 170 - 179
Main Authors Showalter, David N., Villari, Caterina, Herms, Daniel A., Bonello, Pierluigi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.05.2018
Subjects
Agrilus planipennis
Breeding
Deciduous trees
Drought
Fraxinus americana
Fraxinus mandshurica
Growth rate
Herbivores
host plant resistance
Impact resistance
Larvae
larval performance
Mortality
Nutrient availability
Nutrients
Outbreaks
Oviposition
Pest resistance
Phenotypes
Phenotypic variations
Phloem
resistance phenotyping
resource availability
Survival
Water stress
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Summary:Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, EAB) is causing widespread ash (Fraxinus spp.) mortality as it invades North America and Eastern Europe. Resistance of its coevolved hosts, including Manchurian ash (Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.), is considered to limit EAB outbreaks and ash mortality in its native Asia, although an understanding of resistance mechanisms is still developing. Such knowledge may facilitate breeding for resistance and management of EAB in its invaded ranges. In the present study, controlled egg inoculations were used to investigate resistance mechanisms impacting larval performance, as well as to characterize the effects of water and nutrient availability on inter‐ and intra‐specific variation in resistance phenotypes based on larval outcomes. Larval survival and growth rates were lower on coevolved Manchurian ash than on evolutionarily naïve white ash (Fraxinus americana L.). Water stress decreased tree growth and resistance of Manchurian ash to EAB, although it had little effect on resistance of the already highly susceptible white ash. High nutrient availability increased tree growth but had no effect on larval performance. These results show that the higher resistance of Manchurian ash to EAB is conferred by phloem traits that decrease larval performance, in addition to lower oviposition preference.
ISSN:1461-9555
1461-9563
DOI:10.1111/afe.12240